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An bayar da wannan ƙurƙurin saudawa don tadanta mai haɓaka kuma mai nuna wajen koyausar da mai die ganyaya a lokacin haɓakar abubuwa da kuma aikawa. Yana ƙunshi bayanin abubuwa da ke kama da gwaji na abubuwa, shirye-shiryen da kuma kirkirar die ganyaya da kuma die ganyaya na kimiyya, aikin ganyaya ,da sauri da kimiyyar kimiyya da kimiyyar sauti.
Wannan ƙurƙurin rubutun an kawo shi ta North American Die Casting Association.
Hanyar kimiyya ko kimiyyar tushen abu ne kamar yadda an karkasa alkaruwa na abrasive a cikin sauri sosai bisa ganyaya ko abu mai amfani.
Hanyar kimiyya wajen kimiyyar alkawar da sauran abubuwa masu kuskure daga kan ganyen metal.
Canjin tsarin ilmin kimiyya na alloy wanda yake kama da lokaci mai tsawon bayan ganyaya, wanda ke kuskuren sifa da girman abu. An kuskuren zaman lafiya ta kimiyyar kaiwa.
Tadadi mai tsawon karfi mai tsawon zafi wanda ke nufin kawo gajewa, amma yanzu an sa ake amfani da shi don kawo zurfi da/ko don tsayi tsari.
Gajewa wanda yake faruwa a tsawon sarari.
Abu mai khassar fayi wanda yake da abubuwan kimika biyu ko fiye, wanda wani ne kamar fayi. Kamar yadda aka samuwa ne daga gajewa, yauyukan gajewar abuwa suna da yauyukan bambance-bambance.
Duk gajewar abu mai tsauri wanda babban abunsu ya ambata ta hanyar ilmi, baiwa abu mai zurfi daidai.
Duk gajewar abu mai tsauri wanda babban abunsu an samu shi ne daga abu mai zurfi daidai. A takamaiman 95% na gajewar abuwa da aka bayar da su a Najeriya ta Arewa suna da gajewar ainihi.
Wani abin da aka kimanta ASTM.
Aiki na yin abin daga kowane kayan aikin sa. Aiki a yanzu yana iya daya da rage kayan aikin mai mahimmanci kuma kara wadannan zuwa ciki , indan su salla. Bayan sa, an rufe shigifa ta hanyar kwatanta.
Hanyar lissafi don zama mai karancewar karancewa kuma haɗa karancewar kuduren kudure da abubuwan da aka tserewa bisa ga matakin karancewa. Misali, idan abubuwan da aka tserewa ana kira su 100,000 kuma karancewar kuduren kudure ita ce $100,000, karancewar mataki ita ce $1.00 akan kowane abu mai kyau da aka gera, kuma aka aika asarar da aka gera.
Abin da ke juyawa a cikin tura inda kayan launi suna hadu, kayan launi masu nufin suna barce ko wani irin aiki na nufin ya faru.
Wani launi mai kyau da ke so ya sarrafa, ya burate ko ya nufi labari ga wani launi yayin da kayan launi suna haɗa bisa ga aljibba.
Don ganin kwari zuwa kowane yanayi na elektarotim gama daya a matsayin anode na sel ya don fadi ya tare da filin wanda yake nuna ko mai dadi.
Tashen Ingilansi Na Amurka Ta Standadu.
Dorayar Dandalin Tattara, kamar yadda aka yarda shi don tabbatar da taswirin ayyukan tsaro.
Yanayin ƙasa wanda bata karbari tallafin gwaji yayin da aka karbarci.
Wannan ana kiran shi “F temper.”
Tashen Amurka ta Kayayyakin Tattara.
Jam'iyyar Amurka ta Testa da Materials.
Kunshi na sauce saboda aiki a wani mahali zuwa gas or ruwan samuwar wanda ke nuna kama'irin daki.
Fasalin abubuwa, kamar dies, fixtures, gages, da sauransu, ta hanyar amana daga cikin Bailor (abokin ciniki) zuwa Bailee (mai sayayya). Zai iya anƙasa ta hanyar 'Bailment Agreement' .”
Guzawa da surface ta hanyar tumbline parts a cikin hawan bola mai girman daraja, ba tare da abrasives ba.
Guzawa da surface ta hanyar tumbline part a cikin barrels mai girma a cikin metallic ko ceramic shot, ba tare da abrasives ba.
Iya ƙurƙuru wanda cikin sa hanyar ayyukan dauke waɗake girma mai dawo.
Nambarnin Kamanin Brinell, madaidaici mai amfani don nuna kamanin.
Abubuwan dawa babbar da aka bar a karo na silinda injiyan farkon cin zarafi masu cin zarafi, wanda suka fito a karo na plunger. A kuma ana kiran shi slug.
Kwatantawa mai rana, kwatantawan chromiyum burtsa wanda aka yi masa electroplating daga sararin badi na sulfate.
Kwatantawa mai rana, mai zurfi, nickel burtsa wanda ba shi da kyau sosai, wanda aka samu ta electroplating ko tsawon taimaka.
Abubuwan da ke furta ko haɓakawa saboda rage gaskiya, yau ayyukan saboda rage gaskiya ta atomata a cikin shigowa ko tare da wani abu mai gaskiya da aka kafa kan shigowa.
Kujera ko fuskarwa a cikin shigowa waɗanda za su iya faruwa ne saboda uwar gaskiya ko raguwa a lokacin yankaƙi ga kayayyakin girma sosai.
Zaƙi mai nisa daya mai ƙwayoyin iliri masu zurfi mai kyau.
Shigifa mai nikila mai zurfi mai kyau wanda ya dace a hanyar zaƙi mai zurfi.
Hanyar da ta haɓaka shigifa mai ikojin iliri masu zurfi a lokacin da aka kafa shi. Karamar irin karatu aka yi amfani dashi a cikin gwaji, alashi ko kwakwalwa.
Guzzawa tsawon yanar gini ta amfani da wheel mai gyara wanda aka yi masa abrasive particles a cikin liquid suspension, paste ko grease-stick form.
Guzza da garke nisan bidiyo ta amfani da metallic ko ceramic balls kuma ba tare da abrasives ba.
Aljabriccinsu masu bye butyric acid derivatives wanda sun shahe karin launi nasasa kuma zurfi mai kyau zuwa kafin sadamu.
Shahararrun iko
Kusuntan iko na kayan aikin. Shahararrun iko na tsarin aikin wanda ke ƙunshi fadada distribution da kuma wurin distribution a juzu'in midpoint na specification.
Taimakon Tattara da Aiki, wani zamaniyar taimako na aikin tadacciyar aiki yaƙi ne akan tadadi mai zuwa akan ayyukan tarhunan da tsarin. Yana fuskar “tsari” ba har yanzu mai aiki, yana garkatasar kowaci daga cikin da zaune “abokin ciniki”, sai kuma yana kirkirar bukatar bayanai na iya dubawa don lissafi da tadaciyar tsarin.
Wani juyawa mai cadmium ya zama kan aluminium ko firamai wanda aka shigar da shi don karyayar hankali ko ingancin karfafa. Bukata cadmium kan zinc die castings suna bukatar layer tsaka-tsaki na nickel.
(Gwaji na copper accelerated salt spray) Wani gwaji na ingancin inganci ga substrates da aka electroplate
(ASTM 368-68).
Nisaɗi na iya shigawa kusan alloy; yana hada da nisaɗi na iya bugunsa da kusa die/mould cavity, da kuma sauya shi a kan hot cracking da tearing.
Matsayin farko na shots da za'a iya shigarwa a kowane hour na rarraba.
Girman dandalin albarkatu. Sannan albarkatu zai iya ba da girman ba ta wuri, ana iya nuna girman dandala a wani makanan musamman a cikin albarkatu. A wasu lokuta kuma, yake da amfani da mausarar, ƙarancin ko kamar yadda za ake sabaɗin girman dandalin albarkatu don bayyana albarkatu.
Matsakaici na albarkatu ko albarkatuka an raba shi nezu matsakaicin mai zuwa na fasaha da aka shiga cikin dabara, ana nuna shi nezu sarari.
Jimlar adadin ayyukan suka buƙatar yin albarkatu kowace. Ga albarkatun dabara, tsaga albarkatu sabada waqtar kawo, saukin hannu da tsagewar makina da saukin hannun mai amfani.
Nunan ingginer ya definu girman, yanayin da kuma kudaden albarkatu. Wannan ita ce nunan alamar albarkatu kawai bata kama irin kayan aikin albarkatu ke ciki.
Albarkatu ta dabara wacce ke aiki ko ƙarfafa manufa. Babu kyakkyawan damar gaskiya.
Duba a cikin Girman ƙasaƙan kwalliya.
Ƙalmar da ake amfani da ita wajen nuna kwalliya wacce tana da girman dumi ƙarancin da ke kawo aiki dinsa
Ƙimar wani abu (misali, cu. in ko cu. mm) na abubuwan kwalliya a cikin kwalliya.
Abubuwar kwalliya a cikin kwalliya ta elektroplating inda ake kawo abubuwan metallic, anfani mai alama mai nisa an formation ko wani aiki na reducing ya faru.
Wani abokan kwalliya na cathode wanda ake sauya shi zuwa kwalliya na elektroplating daga abubuwan da ake kawo shi wanda zai sami girman kwalliya mai zurfi.
Kimiyyar abu dudu mai kyau aiki da sauran kimiyyar abu dudu lokacin da aka haɗa su da elekurolik mai kyau.
Wurin ƙasa a cikin die wanda ke tsaya shi ne a lokacin da yake tsayarwa.
Babban hanyar die casting die wanda cikin sa ke tsayar da kowane cavity. A cikin kowane die set zai dace da abuda biyu ko fiye da su cavity blocks.
Lokacin da ake buɗe cavity ta hanyar kimiyyar abu dudu bayan farawa a cikin cavity.
Shrinkage ko porosity wanda ta dace da ƙasa mai kyau na tsakiyar abubuwan da aka tsaya.
Sunan gwaji mai saukin dawo wanda yanayin samfura, ke tsayar da kyau, yana dawo da gauta bayan tafi da kai tsakanin anvil supports da suka fara 40 mm.
Duba Fatigue, thermal.
Rawayar kayan da ke sama daga sararin ta hanyar taimakawa ko fika ba tare da amfani da saurin karkashin kadi ba.
Sararin kuskuren wanda ke ƙunshi kayan kimiyyar chromium na uku da shidda.
Haɓakar sararin chromate.
Aikace-aikacen kimiyya na magnesium a asidin nitric, sararin sodium dichromate. Aikace-aikacen yana ba da wani nufin taimako labarin kashin kashen ta hanyar yin sararin wanda yaɗaɗa yana zama tsarin abubuwa na ruwa.
Kudaden chromium da aka saita ta hanyar electrodeposited wanda tana ba da tsaro mai zurfi zuwa kuma tsaro zuwa kura.
Uba rayuwar abubuwan samawa die casting machine zai iya amfani da shi bisa platen don kama die har ma injection na metal ba.
Wani uba da ke yauke ya amfani da shi die casting machine zuwa die clamp don kama die. Wannan za a iya kasancewaƙasa ƙasa dari kyakkyawan aiki na die casting machine.
Zure mai nesa na molten metal na cold-chamber, die casting machine. Wannan shine tube mai sauƙi (shot sleeve) wanda ke bayyana shot plunger yana canzawa don sa molten metal cikin die. Cold chamber da plunger suna haɗawa don form ɗin pump na metal. Ana kiran shi cold chamber saboda mai zurfi ne bisa metal da aka sa cikin.
Guzuruwa na die casting ba tare da amfani da heat domin samar da shape wanda akwantu ce ta farko ba. Sanya zure yana amfani da ita fiye don kama abubuwa masu haɓaka zuwa die casting.
Wani na'ura mai zuwa wanda yanzu zai barcin kamar yadda kayan iri su haɗu a lokacin haɓakar kayan iri wanda yanzu zai barci a lokacin haɓakar kayan baki wanda ke nuna abin da ba shi da kyau a ko karkashin karbari.
Mashi baki mai tsarin cewa kambari na metal da plunger ba su kasancewa a cikin molten metal a kowace lokaci.
Kayan anoda wanda aka rufe launi daga baya ta hanyar auya organic ko inorganic kafin rashin tushen.
Haɓakar launuka da ke so a karkashin kayan iri ta hanyar kimia ko elektro-kimia mai daharan, ko kuma rubawa mai zurfi na karkashin kayan iri don samar da alumari mai zurfi, ana kira shi kuma Rubawa Mai Launi.
Baki mai ƙwararru goma biyu ko fiye da su kowanne yana samar da abubu da dume, ana kira shi kuma baki mai 'ili
Elektar deposit din daya ko fiye da abubuwa biyu na metal suka shigar da kuma
Matsarin tsohuwar wanda ke iya tafi da metal, ya dace da sarrafawa, ba za a iya tafi da shi ba ko'anin nisa ta hanyar gudunmawa (santanan 0.2% ga alkarbuba mai nasa)
Canjin girman kwayoyin ma'adinai wanda ke yiwuwa har zuwa sauraro takamiltansu
Abubin amfani da shi wajen ninku girman alkarbu don samun girman alkarbarwa. Yana ba da izini ga farko-tsakanin tsangewar sakin karba na falintarwa da alloy da tsakonni masu aiki.
Alkawari wanda aka samu ne ta amfani da kimiyyar ko elektrokimiyyar sadarwar ma'adinai wanda taimaka wajen samun layi mai nau'in ma'adinai; misali: chromate, alkawari kan zinc da cadmium, alkawari mai oxide kan steel.
Alkada ko kwayar a cikin taliyar die casting wanda ke zarten sarrafa (tsawon sau, ruwa, jini ko sama) don yanke taliyar.
Alkada na copper ta halartar da taƙaitaccen ko tsakanin tsakawa. Copper electroplated daga furmuwa na cyanide yana amfani da shi ne kamar uku farko a cikin alkada na zinc die castings. Acid copper amfani shi ne kamar alkarbaru a karkashin alkada na nickel-chromium.
Babban taliyar die casting wanda ke tsara abubuwan da ke j внутри (wani lokaci abubuwa da ke da girman inganci) kuma babban kayan tushen tare da karkashin cavity block. Core na iya kasancewar da aka tsayi a wani wurin da ba tare da cavity block ko na iya amfani da shi ta hanyar kama kowace lokacin die an buɗe shi.
Wani core, inda kowa yana da tafinta. Core pins suna da kayan tushen hot work tool steel, H-13, amfani shi ne don core hole a cikin die casting kuma na iya kasancewa ko na iya fitowa. An kirkirar core daga core pin.
Alumma mai haɗawa da kayan aiwata kuma mai amfani da su.
Wani core mai tsaye.
Core mai tsayawa lokacin die ta fara ko ta rufe, ba ta yi wani tafiya a cikin cavity block mai haɗuwa da shi.
Core dole ne ya tafi akan wani adadin tafiya lokacin die ta fara ko kaina bayan farawa don baƙin izinin ganyawa na casting.
Zabuwar yanke-yanke mai karfi ga substrates electroplated (ASTM 380-65).
Kayan natsuwa na metal ta kimia ko ta electrochemical reaction tare da mahallinta.
Tushe zuwa tsaron kusan kai tsawon lokaci.
Matsalolin samun farko mai taimakon sulfur hexafluoride, carbon dioxide da sama, ana amfani da shi don kariye da kuma kare tsarin samun oxide a sama na magnesium mai zazzau.
Cibin kashi daya na die casting die wanda babu saukin girma.
Iyaka na hanyar mai nazarin alama, a cikin shirin ma'auni na alamar, don nazarin alama akan sama ko cikin abubuwa, ko cikin goro mai zurfi.
Zurfi na plastik na maɓattu wanda an kama su da lokaci mai zurfi a cikin zurfi babu yaduwa da normal yield strength.
Tsarin na'illan da zaihaifar da yadda aka fada tsarin kama a cikin lokaci daya a tsarin na'illan da aka fada
Madani mai kyauwa don canza tsarin sauraro a kan anode ko katode
Iyakar abubuwa don dawo sauran kirkirar abubuwa kuma kama da yadda zai kama da sauran hankali
Tsarin Alƙawari
Fuskar karami, karamin kofa ko karamin kofa ta hanyar tsarin karami, kimiya, kimiya elektaroki ko hanyar sauyin elektaroki
Sakon mai zurfi, mai albaita ko mai aiki wanda yawa da alabbarin na nazarin kama da iya kiyaye su ne a lokacin amfani.
Albabba a cikin abu mai zurfi—kamar yadda suke pores, inclusions, cracks, cold shuts, laps ko wasu hanyoye.
Kunshin ko kututtuka ga die casting ko kowane abu lokacin da load ya shigo masa. Dutsen wurin l sake amfani yana nuna kunshi mai tafiya (wato, abu zai dawo zuwa sauya matakin da ke faruwa lokacin da load ta fitowa) dibu sai dai kuma dutsen wurin (plastic) ba.
Kunshin ko kututtuka ga die casting ko kowane abu ta hanyar load wacce ta tafi hadarin elastic na su, kuma casting ko abu ba za a dawo zuwa sauya matakin da ke faruwa lokacin da load ta fitowa.
Abu ne zan add a cikin ruwan mutum don kara gases da ke samuwa wadanda za su bar ma a cikin mutum bayan ya kafa.
(1)Ƙa'idojin kimiya taƙaike sa gasuwa daga sarafin. Gasuwa mai tsada ayyuka a cikin amfanin wannan ayyuka. (2) Matsalolin da aka amfani da su ne wajen yankin sarafin aluminum inda aka kaiwa nitrogen, chlorine, chlorine da nitrogen ko chlorine da argon a cikin sarafin don fitar da gasuwa mai tsada hydrogen da oxide daga sarafin. Duba kuma flux.
Fitar da gwadu da zuma daga kan sarafin.
Crystal wanda ke da tsari mai kwalli ko kwallaye wanda yake da kyau a cikin sarafin da aka kaiwa mai tsada a cikin tsari mai kwalli.
(1)Fitar da oksijin daga sarafin mai tsada ta hanyar amfani da deox y ma. (2) Wasu lokuta yana nufin fitar da abubuwan da ba oksijin ba ta hanyar haduwar abubuwan ko kimiyyar da suka hadu da su. (3) A cikin tsarin sauyin sarafin, fitar da fadanan oxide daga kan sarafin ta hanyar kimiya ko kimiya elektaroki.
Ayyukan kimiya wanda ake amfani da shi ne don alwuminum, magnesium da alloys na zinku a cikin kwantan yarhu mai tsauri, wanda ya haifar da filmolin surface wanda ke tsare dake tafiya.
Gurji na mutumai wanda ake amfani dashi a halin die casting, wanda yakin sauke cavity ko kowane cavity wanda ke ƙirƙiri abubuwa, nuni na metal na mutumai da hanyar cooling da ejecting na casting.
Gurji mai tsawon stalin wanda ke ƙirƙiri base na mitin daya na die casting die. Duk abubuwan saura na die suna haɗe ko suna kan Die block.
Mutumai a sama na die casting, zuwa ga tsibirin takamatan 0.020 in. (0.8 mm) wanda aka siffata shi da tsarin bututu mai zurfi da awayin porosity.
Hali wanda a cikin sa mutumai mai tsawo yana shiga a velocity mai zurfi da pressure a cikin mold (die) cavity
Die casting die ana ƙirƙiranshi a biyu, cover da ejector. Waɗannan ana kiran su "halves" na die.
Kayan wani abubuwa mai bada ko kayan body mai bada
(1) Adadin castings da iya amfani da su daga die kafin a doke ko kawo gurbin girma. (2) Daidaiton, a inci ko millimeters, ana misawa a hanyar aiki na gurbin da die cast trimming die ta fitowa zuwa casting. Lokacin da trim dies suna da shararwa, daidaiton die life suna karewa .Lokacin da gabatarwa na die ta shararwa dama f , dole ne a doke shafukan die.
Kayan die don inganta kwalitin surface na casting kuma taimaka wajen bautawa daga die.
Hanyar aiki da ake amfani da ita a cikin die casting mai tsada-tsada, inda an yi deliberate samun sa hannun saba na casting kamar yaya mai karanci, kuma sa hannun dama kamar yaya mai karanci. Bayan gwamnatiyar runawa, duk wadannan daidaitu suna cikin kudaden da aka nuna. Wannan hanyar aiki taimaka wajen tabbatar da cewa duk sauraren na die, kamar yaya karami, suna aiki ta bautawa, koda kuma addawa, metal.
Tsarin ganyi na die casting yana da natsaron tsawon sarari a karkashin sa da kuma a tsawon girma. Gaɓan “tsawon sarari na die” yana iya nufin sararin sarari na die.
Amfani da thermocouples a cikin die casting die don kula da yawan zinzarwa na ruwa mai tsada a cikin die, don kula da tsawon sarari na die a cikin teburin da aka sanya.
Matsari (matsari) na die. Ana rufe matsari akan die don mutum zai iya zaunin abubuwan da ke taimaka wajen kama.
Tsawon ganyi na die casting don yin abubuwa da ke matsari ne karancin shidda (55 gram) a yanki ana kira su tsawon ganyi na die casting mai tsananin girma.
Die mai daidai abin da ke yanzu kewaye.
Takadda die casting wanda kamar yawa yana da hanya guda uku.
Matsaka a kan abu wanda dole ne a tsere shi cikin kududen da aka bayar da su don abin ya yi amfani a cikin hanyar amfani. Kudaden da ba su mahimmanci an bayar da su don rage yawa ko don iko na sayen samar da shi, kuma ba su muhimmiya ga aiki na alama ba.
Wani matsaka zuwa sauyi na die casting wanda aka sanya shi cikin halitta takadda (babban halitta). Wani adadin sirri a kan abin die print.
Girman matsaka wanda kudadi suna haɗawa kan shi. Misali, idan matsaka ita ce 2.00 + 0.02, 2.00 ita ce matsaka nominal kuma +0.02 ita ce kudadi.
Matsaka a kan takada ko cikin takadda die casting wanda yana tsakanar hanyar nemi na takadda kuma ta dace tare da hanyar nemi na takadda.
Iyakar kayan allojin ta ya tsaya tsakanin girma da tsakar da kuma yawan shekara.
Wani taimakon halayya a cikin tsakar halayya ko tsakar abu, kamar koro, kwallaye, karamar kwallaye, abubuwa da suka haɗa ko karamar ruwa. Taimakon halayya zai iya tasowa ko ba tasowa ba a alƙawarin abu.
Abu mai tsakar kwayar kwayar calcium da magnesium.
An koyar da nickel na biyu layi, wanda layin baya shine nickel na yanki wanda yana da kwayar kaɗan da ke kama da 0.005% kwayar karkashidi, kuma layin sama shine nickel mai zurfi wanda yana da kwayar karkashidi da ke kama da 0.04% karkashidi, girman layin baya ba ya kama da 60% daga kuma girman nickel, ko da haka a cikin steel ba ya kama da 75%. n 0.005% karkashidi kuma layin sama shine nickel mai zurfi wanda yana da kwayar karkashidi da ke kama da 0.04% karkashidi, girman layin baya ba ya kama da 60% daga kuma girman nickel, ko da haka a cikin steel ba ya kama da 75%.
Gabatarwa don samun dore da dore tsakanin abubuwa biyu.
Ƙarfin kulumnan da aka yarda shi ta specifyikeshin casting.
Taper mai ma'ana wanda aka bamu cores da sauran abubuwan die cavity don bartin samunsa casting.
Fassarar da ke cirewa daga cleaning da plating baths.
Oxides na metal gaske cikin ko kan yamma na molten metal.
Haɓakar wanda bayaƙi daidai ba tare da diffuse da specular reflectance
Don dafa kwayar da aka tsada i daga cikin gargajiya ta die casting die.
Tsarin, yau da kullun a cikin die casting die, wanda ke taimakawa wadansu ejector pins suyi hanya sosai da suka yi karfi a lokacin kowa na fitarwa. Ana kiran sa kuma Secondary Ejection.
Alamar da aƙallaƙan sun fissa a castings, yayin da ke samu collar mai zurfi na f l ash da aka formed garwa ejector pin.
Wani pin mai aiki don nadda kwayar da ke fitar da casting daga cikin gargajiya ta die sannan kara shi daga cores.
Safuwa da aka haɗa shi da karamar nika kuma yasa suyi aiki.
Cikakkin rabin safuwar nika wanda ke kwatanta karamar nika.
Abu, ƙasa yakan larar, inda karkashin karkashin kimiyya yana da ma'ana mai ƙima. Elektarolin shine ɗakin abubuwan da suka haɓaka elektarolaytikin korosif ta yayi.
Wata jeri na abubuwa da aka kirkirƙirƙi su ne a cikin tsarin elektarod ƙwayar su.
Ƙirjimirya mai zurfi mai zurfi wanda aka ƙirji shi ta hanyar elektarodiposishin a kan kwantar da ke nufin inganta cin zarar sarari.
Inganta cin zarar sarari na logam da aka yi shi anodikin cikin sararin da ake buƙata.
Adadin dindindin na tsawo a kusa da karyewa a cikin gwajin tsagewa, yawanci ana bayyana shi a matsayin kashi na tsawon ma'auni na asali.
Zane-zane da aka zana a kan farfajiyar rami ta hanyar narkewa ta sinadarai don samar da takamaiman i ed alamu a cikin as-fitar part.
Air ko wasu gas da aka gauraye da fL saboda narkewar ƙarfe kamar yadda matattarar rami ke cikawa
Ƙarƙashin kwayoyin halitta da aka yi amfani da su a sassa, suna da juriya mai tsananin lalata da kuma haɗuwa.
Halayin wayar da ke tsibbin cikin kwayar die ko kwayar die saboda ragewar metal mai yawa a lokacin shigarwa.
Dangantakar adadin dukaɗan canjin girman abu ta hanyar darajar temperature. Wadannan darajar samuwa ne ta bincike kuma an rubuta su a kutan fahimta.
A cire sauya, wani aikace-aikacen imama mai yauwa wanda ke shigo cikin wurin bayan kifi daya da biyu na kwayar cire sauya, ya kama gurin sauya, ya naya masa daga kamar allura da ya cire masa daga wurin kwayar.
Rabon Binciken Babban Mutum
Binciken Yayan Kuskure da Tasirin Sa
Duba Binciken farken element.
Zahiri mai nufi zuwa wajen kuskure a lokacin karɓar ko yan l tsarin hadari na uku da ke iya ƙarewa a wani ƙima mai yawa kasa tsakanin karfin tautsewar abubuwa.
Haɗin (ko furuci) na canzawa ta sama na die cast die cavity. Wannan ya fara ne daga cajin canza da kawo sama na canzawa wanda zai faru kowane lokacin molten metal za a shigar da shi cikin die.
Prinsipal na kontin fitilinta inda bayanin tungawa na tunawa mai kyau ko alƙawari, alatun, die ko proses ya ana shigar da shi cikin natsarar yanayin kontrolin yanar gizon don iyakar iyakar yanar gizon don gyara wani abu mai adadin sayan.
Prosesin bawa molten metal zuwa cikin die cavity don kawo girman ƙarami yayin da ke karkatarwa.
Proses don samar da farashi mai zurfi, mai tsaro mai tsaro kan magnesium.
Rabitattun kurdi na biyu, misali: kwallen da zai hada a kusurwar kusurwar kusurwar.
Duba Flash.
(1)Aƙariyar ƙara gama a kai tsakiyar cavity na die casting die kafin farawa da kayan aiki (benching ko polishing). (2) Aƙariyar ƙara gama a kan wani abu da ya die cast don bring the part to final specif i ed tolerances, inda ba a iya amfani da die casting don net-shape ba saboda masira.
Zuma mai zurfi na surface na die casting ko die casting die cavity . T he finish quality na cavity surface za ta yi amfani da grit size don amfani a cikin sauya akhirin, microinch RMS value ko SPl/SPE finish standard number. i shigarwa na siffa na cavity surface zata iya amfani da size na grit don amfani a cikin sauya akhirin, iri na microinch RMS ko lamba na standard na SPl/SPE.
A tsarin lissafi ne da iya amfani shi don samun amsoshi zuwa wani yankin masalaci na inggineriyar tattara, waɗanda suka haɗa tattaunawar alamu , gudu gudun garhuwa l kula, mai nufin kula da sauran biyu. f daidaitaccen ko kyaukar da abubuwan biyu dole ne haɗu da waje.
Hanyar haɓaka ko inganci tsakanin abubuwan biyu da ke haɗu da juna T wannan lokacin die casting dole ne a yi shi zuwa waƙaƙa . Daidai don samun hanyar fitowa, zai iya hada kariyar masira a cikin amfani. y maɓallin halitta i kamar yadda zai fit, zai iya hada da kariyar kofin shiga a mamakinta.
Wani abubuwa mai dakin sauke wani sharafa, kamar yadda yake da wahala a cikin rashin gyara, yayin da aka yi wasu ayyukan farko akan shafin. i firmly a kan wurin da aka tsarata yayin da aka yi wasu ayyukan farko akan sharafin.
Sharafin mutummai ko fin na mutummai a kan wahala waɗe die partings, sigar ruwa, da gabata da kayan nema masu canzawa. Mutummar daidaitawa saboda ukuwa da tasowa da tasowa a kan die.
A cikin kayan die casting, tasoni suna goyan abubuwan die don formarsa f l ash. A cikin kayan trim da wasu kayan aiki na farko, tasoni suna goyan sadarwar wahala f l ash.
Abun daidaitawa wanda aka riga daga wahala mai die casting wanda zai riga sai dai sai zai amfani dashi komai.
Alamomin nasara a sama na gargajiya wanda yana nuna hanyar halartar kwayar mai zuwa l zuwa.
Nau'in da ke nuna yadda kwayar mai zuwa yana tsere a cikin kwalli na gargajiya.
Mashi zuwa per mita sarari na kwayar mai zuwa a cikin kwalli na gargajiya. Ana bayyane matsayar dakin shi ne a cubic inches ko cubic millimeters per second.
Hanyar da ke yaushe abubuwan metal masu takalmaccin an sauya su ne a cikin resin mai zuwa wanda ya samu karfin f l mai zuwa a sama.
Tattaya da kayan aiki l a cikin tsauawa: yiwuwar da ke tsaye mai zafi ya barci akan kwayar daga baya ya guduwa, a tsawon shanuwa.
Abubu da aka amfani da shi kamar sarari na halide don kare da kanadiyar mai zuwa a kan farfado na metalin mai zafi. A wata alƙawarin, ake amfani da shi don sake sauya abubuwan da aka washe. i sanya abubuwan washe
Dabilin tsauawa
Wani daga cikin irin ilimin da ake tsauawa shi ne ta hanyar kirkirar sabon dabiya ta hanyar karkara ko wurin karkara, yau da kullun a cikin masurin kuskure, ba tare da amfani da shanuwa ba. Kuskuren nema, wanda ke kirkiri wasu shanuwan mai zurfi, har ma ana kira shi tsauawa ta sanyawa. Amma kuskuren shanuwa, wanda ke amfani da karkaran mai shanuwa, bai shine tsauawa ta sanyawa ba.
Katattun samfura kuma duba sadarorinsa don gano abubuwan kamar kimia, girman bututu, inganci ko hali da abubuwan mara inganci.
Wani range na tsawon yanayi a tsaki-tsakiyan yanayin kankanta da tsawon yanayin kankanta wanda a cikinta kayan kankanta da abubuwan da suka kankanta suna sama.
Kimaɓin Takkai da Kimaɓin Hanyar Aiki
Abin takkai ko wasan takkai wanda ke dubuta sauri ta kimantawa mai zurfi na abu da aka haduwa, kamar die casting. Abin takkai bai yi wani aiki ga abu ba.
Ayyukan amfani da gage don fahimtar abin da aka iya amfani da shi ko babu basa zuwa wajen takkai.
Rabewar abubuwan daga sararin metal ta hanyar zane-zane.
Zinayi mai saukawa da yadda ke yin amfanin galvanic wanda ke iya haɗuwa da wasu alama biyu masu daban-daban a cikin electrolyte ko wasu alama guda biyu a cikin electrolytes masu daban-daban.
Abubuwan da ba su dace a cikin die casting inda gases (kamar air, steam, hydrogen da gases daga abubuwan da ya fara harma) sun karkasa a cikin casting kuma sun yi wani ko wadannan abubuwa.
Sakamako ta hankali mai tsawon lokaci da matakan girman zafi daga shigo na die (s)
Runner a cikin die casting die wanda ke kusa da gate. Canjin dari gate opening zuwa cross-section na runner.
(1) Tasho wanda ke haɗa runner ko overf l ow da die cavity. (2) Dukkan abubuwan da aka fitar da su daga die, hada da casting ko castings da gates, runners, sprue (ko biscuit) da fL ash.
Tsarin hada dake cikin die casting die wanda ke kawo abubuwan da aka saka shi zuwa cikin cavity daga tsakiyar sharuɗɗan bayan ba tare da karo mai sauƙi T an gharce dole ne ya kasance maliitse a tsakiya, kamar gidan wasan kwallaye ko bezel, don sadarwa daga tsakiya .
Albarkashin, bai ma albarkashin cavity, a cikin die casting die wanda abubuwan da aka saka su dole ne su zama cikinsu l zuwa . Tsarin hada yana ƙunshi sprue ko biscuit, main runner, branch runners (idai akwai), gate runners, approach, gate, overf l low suna da vents.
Kayan nisbaso na goyaya suna nufin albabban kayan aiki ko kayan ginawa wanda suka haifar da harshe na nisbaso na goyaya da kuma nisbaso. A halin general, kalmar ta nufin duk alama da ake amfani dashi a cikin nisbaso, nisbaso na goyan, prof i le, runout da wurin nisbaso .
Shafin tsari mai maɓallin kwayar, taƙawa zuwa sauyi. Wannan ita ce shafin tsarin maɓallin waɗanda aka samu a cikin samar da kayan abubuwa a halayen natsuwa bayan riga zuwa ga mabudin natsuwa. Duba kuma degenerate dendrites.
A cikin samar da kayan abubuwa ta hanyar hot-chamber die casting, gooseneck ita ce wani girgizuwa mai haɗin baki ko zango zuwa sarufa ko ginya mai tsarin baki a cikin mabudi, kuma yana amfani da wani tafiya wanda akwai shi molten metal yayin shigo zuwa mabudi.
Dabin abinci mai nau'rin jiki i wanda tsarin atomobi suna da kyau sosai. T dumi daya daga cikin tsarin abinci shine ya na'ura da maɓallin baya. Lokacin ruwa, maɓallin suna hadu da wadansu yayin karuwa daga sauye-sauyen haɗin abinci ko daga wani batun abinci. Yayin karuwarsu, suka hadu da wadansu kuma tsarin atomobi suna kare a wadannan yankuna.
Saurar halayen natsuwa don haɗawa sabon (kuma nan ka) maɓalli da kuma/kada suhaɗuwa a tsari i c tsawon. Gaɓin “refinement” yana iya nuna abubuwa mai kimiyya mai zurfi zuwa sauya, amma zai iya nuna taimakon sarrafa tsawon nisa,
Girman da kuma tsawon bututu a cikin sauya .
Gurbin mai zurfi tare da kuraƙura mai yawa mai dorewa ko kuma mai girgizu mai girgizu.
(1) Taimakon girman kwallon bayan lokaci, tattara a cikin bututu ko kusan duka. (2) Tattara ita ce karamin kasa.
Tsari mai sauƙi na anodizing tare da asidin sulfuric wanda ke amfani da tsawon sana’i mai ƙaranci da voltage mai ƙaranci.
Furuci don raguwa kan dandalin da aka yi da buffs made with high thread count da compound mai karfi.
Chromium wanda aka nuna shi ne na injiniyan kuma bai zataƙi mai zurfi ba. Yana bada saufin mai tsada zurfi kuma za a iya amfani da shi don kawo abubuwan da aka zurfi ko abubuwan da ke gaba daya.
Abubuwan da suka hausa a cikin casting wanda suke zurfi karfi karaga darusun logam.
Dandalin da ke tafiya, dandalin da aka cast shi tare da baya ruwa kuma bai bukatar polishing ko buffing mafi sauƙi ba fi a preparation for plating.
Duba Fatigue, thermal.
(1)Kayan aiki na die casting die wanda aka kirkiru don cire hankumi daga die ko daga wani yanki na musamman a cikin die. Hanyar ruwa ita ce babban nau'in heat sink. Amma, abubuwan da ke da wani yauke mai zurfi a cikin samun hankumi kuma ana amfani da su. (2) Die casting wanda aka kirkiru don aiki kamar heat sink a cikin haɗin. i heat transfer coefficient
Yawan abubuwa zai samar da hankumi per unit time ta hanyar mita tauni saboda tsawon girma. Heat transfer coefficients don abubuwan daban-daban bayan bayan Btu/hr-ft-°F da W/m-°C. Ana kiran shi kuma Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity. f erence. The heat transfer coef fi cients for dif f erent materials are given in Btu/hr-ft-°F and W/m-°C. Also called the Coef fi cient of Thermal Conductivity.
Iyakar farfado don kara waje ko kula doki mai nau'i wanda aka nuna shi daidai.
A cincin yanki, wani buru da ake haifarwa ta hanyar gadiya a cincin yankin cincin. An farkoƙe burun gadiyar daga buru da aka kara bayan cincin ya fito (misali ta hannun taki). r cincin ya fito (misali ta hannun taki).
Wani cincin yanki masinin da ke iya ƙaukar kambari na metal da kayan natsuwa, ko injin natsuwa, yayin da suka wuce a tsakanin abubuwan mamawa, don samun matsaya mai yawa.
Wani cuta wa ya faru a cincin yanki a ko karancin sarari na amfanin ummar ta hanyar rufe wara abubuwan matattumawa, saboda alhakin kurkure mai tsananin ummar l tsananin ummar.
Takwashe ko kuɓuti ba tare da quwat a tsawon ummar.
Iyakar wasu alloys su faralle daidai akan yankin kwayar yayin da aka shigo su ko dawo su a tsawon girma karƙashin taita. Zaune mai tsanna ta bambanta da abubuwa mai tsanni guda, wadanda a yanzu sun kasance ne na uku, wanda ya fara akan yankin kwayar yayin.
Kari wacce aka yi cikin mutum yayin da aka barke i sai dai saboda kasa kasa. Nemi da kari mai tsanna.
Rabuwar Dubawa na Abubuwan Da Fara
Iyaka wajen samun kari/na'ura, kamar yadda aka takarda ta hanyar wasan masinin gwaji.
(1) Cikakken cebere a cikin cebere. (2) Nama atau karamar da aka bar ta ball atau penetrator na tester na kankara.
Haruffan abubuwa mai zuwa a cikin matrix na metallic. Haruffan sune kamar harkoki (kamar oxide, sulf i ko silikai), amma za y zata bambanta da wani abu mai zuwa (da kuma zai samuwa a cikin matrix).
Zana ko kari a ke kirkiri runner da cikakken cebere.
Ibi ko slab na abu ɗaya ko alloy.
Aiki ko proses na naka kwai abu ɗaya mai zuma cikin cebere.
Canjin kusurwar da aka sanya na farko ta hanyar lokaci na injekshan ram. A yanzu ana canza kusurwa a tsawon injekshan stroke don kauna abubuwan da ke cire gidan ruwa da lokacin baki.
Abu na girmama, yau da kullun metal, wanda zai zama babban haɗin castin . A yanzu shigagawa an sauya su a cikin die domin dawo da metal din a cikin wani sharafin da ya barke a cikin cavity. Ko dai, shigagawa a yanzu an yi amfani da su bayan castin. (Dubi: shigagawa zai zama babban castin, yayin da die shigagawa suna da sararin die.)
Rahon korojan wanda ke nuna karfin tafiyya zuwa kai tsananin metal ko alloy, wanda ke nuna ci gaba.
Sunan kwamitan takaitaccen da kuma mesininta wanda shakilin samfurin ya girma ne kawai kuma yana amfani da cantilever beam yayin da hammer ya za ita.
Mafi kyau, kuma bai shi abuku, tsarin gwaji ta electroplated don sharhu na die cast.
Core mai tsarki da, amma bai shigofa shi da, die kuma yana tsarki don dawo tare da sharhu. A sauƙi aikawa rufe-0ut kuma shigar da shi sabada.
Abun tsarin gwaji mai tsarki wanda ke basuwa akan kayan thermoplastic mai tsarki wanda aka maye shi ne a cikin solvent mai tsarki kuma ya kawo saboda ruwan solvent.
Hanyar maye abu mai sauƙi don maye sharhu mai sauƙi wanda ke amfani da bayanan CAD don sauya laser beam sama da shafin kwayar wata kwayar kwayar mai tsarki, mai gwaji mai tsarki, wanda yana kama kowace layer sama da karshe.
Electroplate mai tsarki wanda yana kawo saufi mai sauƙi karfi dari kamar yadda aka samu shi.
Alamar wanda ake amfani da ita wajen nuna kompani, kamar yadda aka castar da shi a cikin sharhu na die cast.
Sayen kayayyakin da aka samuwa ne naɗaya ta hanyar die da sauya tsarin mesin.
Rabi'ar girman fasafo a karkashin duka abubuwan biyu na cathode.
Zanen wani jerin fasafo ko jerin ganye game da wurin zaune, jagorancewa, da kuma kore mai rikitarwa. Wannan fasafo ya tambayar saboda yawan yanayin aiki da tushen yanayin aiki a cikin die.
Wani core wanda aka amfani da shi domin ruwaƙawa girman fasafo a cikin casting, kuma barin karɓar abun da ke girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman girman......
Amfani da yin sauya fasafo mai tsanani daga takalmomi na smelting zuwa takalmomin die casting. Tafiya ta hot ta ba da sauƙi ga kudin amfanin hankali da kuma ruwaƙawa dross saboda abin baya shi ya kasance ne a cikin takalmomin die casting. Zai iya tafiya fasafo ta hot wajen mita duka biyu.
Magneto-Hydro Dynamic casting ita ce hanyar kashi na kansa wanda a yayin kashen kwana yana canza kwana ta hanyar kifi mai elektromagnetic i durum da kashen kwana.
Iyaka mai kyau ko tsarin canza kwana wanda ke iya kashi kwana a i tsangayen, guguya ko kashi. fi tsangayen, guguya ko kashi.
Abubuwan dakin ganyi na die casting wanda ke kara da kara alama mai kasaftin. Wannan zai iya haɗawa gibs, kifi mai kula, tsarin kifi mai yanayi, tsarin kifi mai dogleg, racks, pinions ko/ko silinda mai hydraulic.
Tashen Koshin Kafin Tsatsaye na Amurka, tsinkaya ta Jam'iyar Masu Iyan Kofa da Majalisar Kofin Kafin Tsatsaye na Amurka.
Masu Lahira na abubuwan kofin tsatsaye wanda aka fi sharrar da shi ta Majalisa na Kofin Kafin Tsatsaye na Amurka, wanda wannan bayani ya kansa. ADCI da SDCE (Jam'iyar Masu Iyan Kofa) sun yi gyara su su ka zama NADCA, Tashen Koshin Kafin Tsatsaye na Amurka.
Duba Zaune mai amfani da kofin tsatsaye.
Ƙirjimirya mai nikkil, ya kasance ta hanyar electrolytic ko electroless plating methods, don abubuwan da ke kama da shawara da kuma tsaro. A halin yanzu an ƙalƙalanta da chromium flash plate don zama mai tsaro daidai zuwa ga tarnish da kayan aiki.
Pickling na farko don aiki na ferric nitrate zuwa magnesium.
Wurin yadda aka yi wahala don hadawa kafin nasko na tsurface na tool steels ta hanyar hadawa na nitrogen a cikin surface.
Sakon karo na gooseneck ko wani abu mai tsabar da ke hadawa gooseneck zuwa sprue hole.
Amfanin amfani, ko gaba, waɗannan an buƙatar ayyukan samar da die casting bayan samar da casting amma kafin an koma ma'aikatan ko an haɗa shi ne cikin samar da sabon kayan aiki.
Abin da ya barci a cikin die, ke hada zuwa die cavity ta hanyar gate, daga farin gida (ingate).
Wurin bude ko wurin kula da ke haɗa die cavity zuwa overflow.
Takaitaccen da ke samun elektronu daga abubuwan da ke shiga, kamar yadda ake haɗawa ions a kan surface na anode a cikin electrolysis. Haɗin abubuwan da ke shiga da oksijin ko mai ƙarɓar oksijin.
Gwaji mai murmurwa akan wani abu ta hanyar kimika ko electrochemical oxidation don nuna launi ko bauta inganci da karyayya.
Pre-Production Approval Process
Dustar karɓar nasarar mayar da aminci na amincin samar da kayan aiki base on adadin kayan da ba za a iya amfani da su per million parts da aka koma.
Nau'in drawing (a wasu lokuta reproduction na engineering drawing) waɗannan yana nuna design na part. A halin yanzu “part print” yana iya nuna drawing na die casting koda ba die, tool, ko machine.
Dandalin kwana daya na die casting die wanda ke kusa da wani dandalin masu haɗawa a kwararar die. Duk dandalin, dandalin abu.
Hanyar haɗin kwana ta fara da kwararar die ko alƙawari. Kuma, alamar da ta zaduwa bisa hanyar haɗin die.
Matsala a die casting inda parting line ta canza sudden daga level ɗaya zuwa sauran.
Wani mataki don samar da kayan aiki don samar da semi-solid casting. Zuma mai tsada yana kara shi bisa tashoshin restrictive lokacin yana sanya, ta kawo kariƙar dendrites.
Ƙaɓine na iya canza wanda aka apply a kan yarjejeniyoyin mutum don kama da kewayon tsauwa da dutsen gafadeni.
Tasiri don cire wasan gudunan daga magnesium die castings da kuma inganta karfi na kashin hasken zuciya.
Yin cire yarjejeniyan oxide ta hanyar kimika ko electrochemical reaction.
Core, wanda keɓaya yana da section circular, kamar yawa yana da wani kind of taper (draft). Hakanan, dowel (ko guide pin) don kama da registry tsakanin die sections biyu.
Nau'in alka mai zurfi ko kuturuwa waɗanda sufa bayan kawo abu taƙaita ko saboda hasken zuciya da cavitation.
Agogo na alƙawalin ƙasa wanda aka hada shi da sharuɗɗan die, ko na alƙawarin gurji wanda aka hada shi da alƙawar gurji.
Frame mai tsere abubuwa kuma mai sauke hankali zuwa abubuwan a lokacin amfani da ƙarkashi.
Haɓaka na tip da rod wanda ke sauya zafi har ma die.
Gwajiƙar dandalin kwando ta hanyar aiki na irin dandala da suka haɗa da kwando na wheels ko belts mara karfin waɗanda an kara karfi su sosai.
Kuturu mai tsawo ko pores, wadanda a matsayin yau su dace ne daga natsuwar kawo; abubuwan ruwa (masu amfani da nitrogen a cikin ruwa) masu tafi da keɓaɓɓiya ko hydrogen yayun bayan electroplating.
Darajar da keke fara-fawa a cikin casting, a matsayin kama da duk shi ne a wani hali.
Porosity wanda ke cikin die casting kuma bata gabata.
Porosity a cikin die casting wanda ke gabata zuwa sama na casting.
Dore da ke kuskuren gurji ya shiga silinda injection na hot-chamber machine ko ana samuwa shi a silinda injection na cold-chamber machine.
Dore da ke kuskuren gurji ana samuwa shi a cikin cold-chamber na die casting machine.
Hannun hanyai wanda ke iya spraya powder granulated da aka saukar da electrostatically a kan abu daya sasu sauƙi a tsawon karfarma don samun sifa final na coating. Powder coating tana da kyakkyawan alhali, kamar adadin solvents organic, zaɓi mai zurfi na materials coating don kusan duk halayyin aiki, adadin kayan da ba a amkosi, da sauƙin yin amfani.
Ayyukan yankin ganyi na die casting kafin ake yi castings don samun karancewa a cikin zafi mai zuwa daga castings na farko. A halin yanzu ana amfani da shi wajen yankin ganyi kafin ake saita die a mesin, don sabbin canza da fasaha a farawa.
Mesin kari (watau mechanical ko hydraulic) ana amfani da ita don rage flash, runners da overflows daga abubuwan die cast bayan kawo.
Abubuwar adadi na tsaro mai kyau a cikin die casting inda ba fluid under pressure ya iya tafi da shi. Yadda aka yi wahana testing da sauri da aka amfani dashi dole ne a bayyana shi.
Ƙimar, ko canjin, kayan aikin gargajiya masu mahimmanci (kamar iyakokin girman) wanda ke ciki kuma akan shigar da shi don gudun tsere da kayan aikin mu'amala zai yi aiki.
Zamantakawa mai gargajiya daga har zuwa ga hali na zurfi game da ruwan sama.
Zamantakawa mai gargajiya daga har zuwa ga hali na zurfi game da ruwan sama (ko har zuwa zuva) ta nwayin sake shigarwa shi ne a cikin ruwa.
(1) Wani ƙimaɓa wanda ke ba da damar canja abubuwan kayan aikin domin karfafa abubuwan aikin baya ta amfani da alama ko gudun tsere. (2) Alamar gudun tsere da kayan aikin gargajiya, kamar taimakawa gaba, wanda ke ba da damar aiwatar da gudun tsere a mesinai gargajiya ta mafenin karin waqtar ayyuka da aka kashe. Wasu daga cikin wadannan alamar yanzu zata haɗari kan kudaden farawa na kayan aikin ko gudun tsere, amma suna iya sauƙaƙe kudaden waqtar ayyukan mesini.
Iyakoki da ma'ana
Hoto mai zafi a kan surface sensitive, kamar photographic plate, ta elektromagnetic radiation na wavelength less than 500 angstrom units. Wanda a matsayin yau shine X-ray. Hotunan X-ray na die castings suna iya nuna flaws a cikin castings.
Tsarin bushe mai juyawa wanda ke karkashin biyu dabarren a kan die casting ko a kan model dake kekaita die casting. Dubi Fillet.
Iyakar samar da model na gaba daya na design mai sha'awa sosai da sauke a lokaci da irin abokin amfani a matsayin hanyoyin na farko kamar single-cavity prototype die casting, gravity casting ko machining. Dubi: Stereolithography, Selective laser sintering, Laminated object manufacturing.
Prosesin samun karfafa, kayan da aka wuya, dross da kayan takama don hada su zuwa sauyin alloy
A amfanin yankin magnesium, ragewar magnesium oxide da sauran abubuwan metallic na iya yawa ta hanyar amfani da flux wanda ke ziyar da impurities kuma ya kawo su zuwa sama na pot kamar sludge.
Abin da ke furta sararin casting wanda "yana nuna" halayen sarari na die cavity steel. Misali, fatigue ko heating checking na die steel za a iya nuna su kamar cracks da craters a cikin steel. Wannan zai barin abubuwa masoyi a sararin casting wanda "yana nuna" halayen sararin die.
Abubuwa wanda aka yi amfani da shi a kan sararin die cavity don daina casting a matsayin haɗa da die. Wadannan abubuwa yana wasu lokuta ana amfani da su kusan kowane kyauta, kusan kowane cycle, kuma yana wasu lokuta ana amfani da shi ta spraying. Don sadar da spraying, abubuwa ana sauya da ruwa ko solvent mineral wanda ke wurin dari zuwa sama na cavity.
Sprues, ƙofofi, masu gudu da kuma kayan da aka yi da shi da aka yi da shi da aka mayar da su kai tsaye zuwa tukunyar narkewa.
Wata kalma mai ma'ana kashi daya na tsarin ganyawa a cikin abubuwa mai tsafi.
Doki mai kyau zuwa sama ga doki ko yamma ta biyu don kara kankanta ko taimakawa dokin ta biyu.
Duba Cathode robber.
Duba Remelt.
Tsarin dare mai haɗawa samun sprue ko plunger a cikin dare zuwa gidan rufe ko wasu gida inda keleken wuya ke shiga cikin takalmi ko wasu takalmomi.
Zaune mai karfi irin zaune waɗeke suka hada da shada a cikin yanki mai tsuya, inda an nuna samfuran suna da wani ƙasa mai tsuya wanda zai ƙunshi sodium chloride.
Fassara na yanzu wanda ke ayyazawa kamar yadda ke kunshewa, wanda ke zurfi amma ba kamar alaiyar rana ba.
Takaingin abubuwa wanda take kafa kan dandalin farkon yanzu yayin amfani da farkon yanzu. Takaingin abubuwa wani lokaci yana iya canzawa ne akan yanzu, kuma a wani lokaci zai iya canza girman yanzu.
Jam'iyar Masanin Die Casting, wanda ta hada da American Die Casting Institute domin zama North American Die Casting Association (NADCA).
Aiki ga magnesium wanda ke takaikin chrome pickle, sannan daki a cikin hadarin dichromate.
Tsarin da ke taimakawa wajen karya, aikin kimiya ko sararin sauya, ya na'urar gurbin dabarar anodic zuwa tsananin rashin fara da koro, yana inganta tsawon yanayin launi da aka samu a gurbin ko yana bada sababbin irin sauran abubuwan da ke so.
Wani wurin cikin die casting inda ke girman shi yana da kyaufi (na biyu ne) karfi darasi daga girman mutum mai yawa.
Budan bayanai na alloying elements, impurities, ko microstructures.
Hanya ta rapid prototyping wanda ke amfani da laser beam mai yawa akan powders masu alaƙa don canza CAD data zuwa prototypes na mutum mai yawa cikin polycarbonate, nylon, ko investment wax.
Dabarar nickel, wanda ke kusan adadin sulfur mai guda 0.005%, dole ne a sauye don samun natsuwa mai zurfi ko ana amfani da shi kamar yadda ya kasance don layer farko a cikin dabarar nickel na biyu.
Matsayin abu na kashen kari na canzawa tsarin sauya kwamfuta a kan anode ko cathode.
Filling die ko sharafin tsarin cast waɗanda ke shiga alaka ta hanyar zuma mai nemi.
Hanyar kiyaye dandalin abubuwa ta amfani da shafin kwallon abubuwa ko kwallon zakkama don (1) gyara ko (2) inganta karo zuwa zuwa ga kwayoyin dandalin dake da shakawa ta hanyar kirkirar shakawa.
Volume makerafi na sautin die cast ko volume makerafi na alloy die casting wanda mesin die casting ya iya shigowa shiga die. Ana iya bayyana girman sauti ta hanyar yawa ko girman kayan aiki.
Kayan gargadi mai gargadi, a wasu lokuta ana kira shi da alamar shadow, wanda a wasu lokuta zai faru a sharafin mai rage wanda yake rage fiye da wasu sharhuna. Ana kuma kira shi da sink.
Duba Faktarin Raka'karwa.
Halayen farkon yanzu inda an kawo shakawa a cikin yanzu yayin kawar da ke kawo wani irin kwallon dandalin dake tsere. Wadannan kwallon ana kiran su "kwallon ruwa". Lokacin da suka kafa a cikin gari, ana kiran su "kwallon gari".
Hali yayin kawarwa ga tsauaun ganyi inda raka'karwa na wolumu ta kawo zuwa samar da wurin ciki a cikin tsauaun ganyi.
Raka'karwa wolumu wanda ke nuna canzawa daga halin mai ruwa zuwa halin mai zurfi.
(Zaune zuwa, Kauye ta Melt) Wani tsarin maye na maye abubuwa don sadarwa ga sadarwa na metal na nisa. Metal yake hot extruded da cold drawn.
Duba Die cast skin.
Chamber na metal mai tafatafa a mesin die casting na cold-chamber. Wannan ita ce tube na steel mai zurfi wanda ke tafiya shi shot plunger don zaune metal mai tafatafa cikin die. Duba Cold chamber.
Babban hanyar die wanda yake tsammanin tafiya parallel zuwa ga parting line. Babban farko ya haɗa da sahin die cavity wall kuma yana iya ƙara core ko cores.
Duba Biscuit.
Single minute exchange of dies, wani teknik daga Lean Manufacturing disciplines don reduce waqtar sanya die.
Haɗin ko haɓakar abubuwa mai tsunke zuwa sauke-sauke na die bayan tsunke.
Duba Shrinkage, solidification.
Ƙima aikin yankiwa mai tsunke zuwa tsakiyar daidai, kama da kama a tsakiya mai tsunke sosai don ba da damar mai yiwuwa wanda ya zama cikin tsakiya kuma sannan kama da kama sosai don kama da kama a tsakiya.
Sasaitacciyar tadinta don kimiyya da kuma karkashin yankiwa ingancin tadinta daga tsarin ma'auni.
Abubuwa mai tsawon keke (sprue hole) wanda ke kirkirar nozzle ko hot chamber zuwa cikin rawayen machine mai tsawon keke. (Wani daga cikin cold-chamber machines yana kirkiren biscuit kuma bai da sprue ba.)
Pin mai tsokowa tare da kamar kujera wanda yake farko a cikin sprue hole kuma wanda ya matsa matakan tsakanin casting da ejector portion na die.
Haɓakkar wani abu ta hanyar hada atomu ko kwayoyi daga sarufa wanda aka yi masa high-energy ion bombardment.
Tegitegin lissafi don hadawa da inganta kalamar hanyoyin da aka bayar.
Amfanin gurbin abu ga die casting. Staking yake aiki a cikin power press don ka wara tabs ko swage heads akan studs.
Hanyar samfurin samfurin da ke canza bayanan 3-D CAD zuwa jerin ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan kuma yana amfani da hasken haske na ultraviolet da aka samar da laser don biye da kowane Layer a kan farfajiyar wani ruwa na polymer mai ruwa, samarwa da kuma ƙarfafa kowane Layer har sai an kammala, cikakken samfurin samfurin.
Matsakaicin ƙarfin ƙarfin (jawo) da ƙarfe zai iya jurewa kafin fashewa.
Alkarbaruwa inda abubuwa yana nuna karfin izini na tsarin karfi ko canjin wurin da aka hada.
Kankanta saboda tasiri ta alkarbaruwa da corrosion. Babu tare da alamar saba biyu, wannan nau'in kwafin zai kasance kankanta mai tsawo wanda za'a iya fuskantar shi.
Girma per unit area. Lokacin da alkarbaruwa an saha kan body (akan hanyar limit elastic na shi) wata strain (misali, canji shape) ta haifi, ratio na strain zuwa stress ita ce abin da ke tsarki na body.
Cin tsaro da aka haɗa da mafazu idan canjin girma taƙaiye sabon yanayi wanda ke nufin canja wuri ko girman sharu, amma sharu ya kaiwa kuma ba za a iya tabbatar da cin tsaro ta hanyar takaitaccen yanayi ba.
Kewaye da Kudaden.
Sarrafa Jimlar Aiki.
Wani die casting die kirkirin da aka kirkira zuwa wani nukarin nukarin da girman. Kuma, wani rubutun yanki, don sauƙan abubuwa, wanda aka kirkira kuma runa a cikin die holder lokacin da ake buƙata abubuwan casting.
Wurin da ba shi abu duk, kamar gasu. Kujera mai zurfi a cikin sharu na die casting zata bisa da furci. Ba a buƙata cewa kujeren zai ɗauke da agarin gudu.
Aiki ne na yin bude waraka ga gasu a cikin die na die casting bayan ko kafin kwana da zamantakewa ta zamantakewa ta abinciya domin samar da taswira.
Tsarin tsohuwa mai tsananin ƙasa wanda ke ba da damar fitowa ga gaskiya a lokacin da wuri ta fulata shi da abu.
Hanyar ƙirƙirar abubuwa da kara inganci ta hanyar amfani da abun ƙirƙirar mai kankanta a cikin takarda wanda aka yi masa nema mai girman girma.
Kuje mai tsawon girma ko hole a cikin girgen sharu na taswira wanda zuteni an sabaɓaya shi ne zuwa kan furci ko gas mai zurfi a cikin taswira. Kuma, shine blow hole.
Duba Tuduwar Tasho
Hanyar gudanar da amfani da sarayi mai tsakawa a cikin ruwa, ana sauya shi ne a yawan girma bisa abubuwan da ake gudanarwa.
Hanyar cire abubuwan da suka fadi, rage saduwa da canza kyakkyawan dabara ta hanyar haɗin abubuwan da ke sama da wasu nau'ikan bush mai waya masu rage.
Duba Zaune mai amfani da kofin tsatsaye.
Nau'in kalmar farawa mai inganta lamba, wanda ake amfani dashi wajen nuna grupin alloyolin natsuwar zinc uku. Lamba ita nuna kimiyyar misali na aluminium.
Matsalolin suna iko, tsink, magneziam da koper, ana amfani da su wajen nuno zuwa zuwa zuwa zuwa iko 2, 3, 5 da 7.
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