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Igbe akwụkwọ ntụgharị a na-enye iyi maka inye onye nwere ike ịkpata ngwaọrụ ma ọ bụ onye na-akọ ngwaọrụ aka n'imetụ anya na onye na-eme ngwa igwe dị otú ahụ mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ngwaahịa ahụ. E nweghị nkọwa ndị e ji eme iji nyere aka na nhazi ngwaahịa, njikọ na njikọ igwe die casting na igwe trim, na ọrụ die casting ,na ọrụ mechine n'akụkụ mgbe emechatara igwe na ọnụ ọgụgụ.
Igbe akwụkwọ ntụgharị a na-enyekarị ya site na North American Die Casting Association.
Otu ụzọ maka iri ma ọ bụ ime obere ihe pụtara na ihe abrasive a na-atụkarị ya n'ọkè oge zuru oke na ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ ebe ọrụ.
Otu ụzọ iji wepụ oxides na ihe ndi ọzọ ezinụlọ site na agụụpụta metal.
Ihe ọmụma nke ihe nguya nke alloy na-eme n'ọnwa ole na ole gara aga n'ime nkata, nke na-ebute akụkụ na ihe. Nchịkọta na-enyere aka ime mkpụrụosiso.
Nchịkọta itoku oyi nke na-akwado mkpụrụosiso, a ma ama iji nyere obere obere ma ọ bụ nye ntụntụ.
Mkpụrụosiso nke na-eme na oche oyi nke ubi.
Ihe ọmụma nke na-ekwu maka ihe nguya na ebe obibi dị n'etiti ihe bi ibe iri abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa, nke dị ka otu bụ metal. Ihe nguya nke alloy a ma ama dị iche maka ihe nguya nke ihe na-eweta ya.
Ihe nguya die casting ọ bụla nke onye isi ya na-eme n'otu akpa ahụ, adịghị n'otu metal scrap a na-ejikarị ya.
Ihe nguya die casting ọ bụla nke onye isi ya na-eme n'otu metal scrap a na-ejikarị ya. A ma ama 95% nke die castings a na-enye na North America na-eme n'otu alloys nke abụọ.
Igwe die casting ọ bụla nke e kere ASTM.
Ọrụ ịghụna igwe die casting site na ihe niile kpatara ya. Ebe a na-eme ka onye isi ikpo aka na-enweta ndị ọzọ gaa n'ime akpa ahụ , ebe ha mgbe ebe na-agbanwe. A maara mmiri ikpo maka inweta ngwaahịa site na fluxing.
Onye ọnụahịa ime ihe maka itinye ego ngwa ngwa na ịmepụta casting site na usoro ego. Dịka ọmụma, ma ngwa ego dị ka 100,000 casting na-agba ụba ma ọ bụrụ na ego ngwa dị ka $100,000, ego site na usoro bụ $1.00 maka ọ bụla casting na-agba ụba na-enweta, na-enwere akwụkwọ mgbe enweta.
Onye electrode n'ime akpa plating ebe ions igwe gbasara, ions zuru oke na-agbanwe ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla ndị ọzọ na-anweta.
Ihe ọjị ọ bụla nke pụrụ ịchụ, mara ma ọ bụ na-acha iri site na ihe ọjị ọzọ mgbe ha dị eletrọkọt n'ime eliktrọlait.
Ịgbanwe ihe ọjị site na iji akụrụngwa eletrọlaitik dị ka anode nke aki dị it na-agba ụlọ ma ọ bụ ntụpọ maka mmetụta ya ma ọ bụ nkịtị
American National Standards Institute.
Ọnọdụ Otu Mmetụta Nkwuputa, dị ka ejiri ikpebi maka ikwupụta orukenụ.
Ọnọdụ nke njikwa nke enweghị imegharị itavi mgbe niile njikwa ahụ.
Nke a kọwapụtara dị ka “F temper.”
Akụkọ American maka Ọrụmma.
Akụkọ American maka Ndepụta na Matrial.
Mmiri na-eso oke n'ime obodo n'ime mmiri ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri nke na-eso oke na-agba ọsọ.
Izupụta ihe, dị ka dies, fixtures, gages, wee etc., n'ime obi ike n'ime onye izupụta (onye ịsakọ) na onye izupụ (onye nje). Nke a nwere ike ịdị ya na 'Agreement Agreement' .”
Nhazi nke ụzọ site n'ime ntụpọ ihe n'ime obere steel balls, na-enweghị abrasives.
Nkpurukwu ụzọ site n'ime iji akpa na-ebubata ngwaọrụ na ibubata ya na akpa na-enweghị abrasives.
Inupụ nke a na-eme na ngwaahịa dị n'akpa na-ebubata.
Brinell Hardness Number, skelụ eji dezie ike.
Otu mmiri elu nke e wepụrụ na ikpeazụ nke silinda inupụ nke mesịn die casting akwụkwọ, emeputa na ikpeazụ nke plunger. A maara ya dị ka slug.
Akụkụ nkume chọchịrị nke black chromium electrodeposited site n'ime bath nke enweghị sulfate.
Nchichi, njupụta black nickel nke enweghị ike ịrọ dị ukwu, e si na-ejikarị electroplating ma ọ bụ imechi anaghị egosị.
Ogologo oge ma ọ bụ ngagharị nke si na ịdị ọnụ ọnụ, karịsịa dabere na igbega gasị n'ime ntacha ma ọ bụ n'etiti metal ndị e chiri ya.
Abụọ ma ọ bụ abụọ n'ime ntacha nke pụtara anya ka enwere gasị ma ọ bụ mgbanwe ogologo mgbe ntacha gbaghara.
Njupụta nke onye ọma nke nke na-enyere aka n'akụkụ akụkụ akụkụ dị mfe.
Njupụta nickel nke na-enyere aka n'ime mmalite kachasị ọcha.
Ọnọdụ na-eme ihe na-enwekarị ịdị nke nke ukwuu n'ime ebe a pụtara. Ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe anwụrụ n'ime ụtụ, paste ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ otoro dị.
Njupụta oke nke na-agbanwe agbanwe n'ime oke na-agbanwe agbanwe, na oke na-agbanwe agbanwe anwụrụ n'ime ụtụ, paste ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ otoro dị.
Ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha nke oke na-agbanwe agbanwe n'ime oke na-agbanwe agbanwe na nchekwa oke na-agbanwe agbanwe ma ọ bụ ceramic balls ma ọ bụ na nchekwa abrasives.
Nchịkọta organic na-eji ndị na-eme ihe na butyric acid derivatives nke na-enwekarị ọcha nke ukwuu na njikọ ọcha nke ukwuu.
Akwụkwọ njikọ.
Igwe ike ọrụ kachasị. Akwụkwọ ike ọrụ nchịkọta maka njikọ ọrụ na mmetụta ya n'akụkụ, na-ahazi ngwa ngwa nke mkpuchi na ebe mkpuchi dị n'aka n'otu n'otu na mpaghara.
Njikọ Ihe Mburu Nnukwu, usoro kwesịrị ekwesị maka mgbanwe ihe mburu nke na-agbakọsịrị ihe mburu ozi nke ọdịnala site n'ime ihe ọmụma ahụ. O na-akpali akụkụ na “ọrụ” karịa onye ọ bụla, mara “onu aha” na-abịa na-abịa na-ezube, ma na-akpali ike iji ebe obibi data iji meezi ma ọ bụ gbasaa ọrụ.
Akwụkwọ akpa metal cadmium epegide na aluminum ma ọ bụ substrate steele iji chebe ya n'ime mkpuchi ma ọ bụ mee ka solderability dị mfe. Akpa cadmium na zinc die castings chọrọ akpa nzuzo nkeji nke nickel.
(Copper accelerated salt spray) Tetị mkpuchi na-adịkarị maka substrates electroplated
(ASTM 368-68).
Ihe dị ka ọ dị mfe ịbipụta na-enye ike; pụtara ihe dị ka ọ dị mfe ọ laghachi ma wepụ akpaụrụ die/mould, na ike ya dị ka ọ dị n'ihu igwe oyi na itepụ.
Ntụpọtụpọ mbipụta ndị nwere ike ibipụta n'otu awa ahụ n'ime otu awa kpamkpam.
Ogologo isi akpaụrụ mbipụta. Mgbe e bipụtara enweghị ogologo dịdoro-doro, ogologo isi nwere ike ịkụwa na mpaghara pụrụ iche n'ime mbipụta. Ma, ọ dịkarịrị mma iji ogologo akpaụrụ kachasoo, kacha nta ma ọ bụ dịka ume iji dezie mbipụta.
Ọnụ ụzọ mbipụta ma ọ bụ mbipụta abụọ gbanwara n'ime ọnụ ụzọ niile metal nyere n'ime igwe, apeeke dị ka otu narị.
Ntụpọtụpọ ihe niile dị mkpa iji mere mbipụta ọ bụla. maka mbipụta igwe, mmiri mbipụta karịrị mgbe ikpuchi, njikwa na mgbe njikwa igwe, na njikwa onye ọrụ na-agba ụkwụ.
Nchịkọta ọrụ na-edefu ike, akụkụ na njikọta nke ịkpụkpụ. Nke a bụ nchịkọta zuru ezu nke ịkpụkpụ gbasara akụkụ maọbụ njikọta nke akụkụ na-adịghị n'ime akụkụ ahụ.
Ikpụkpụ dị ọsọ na-eme ọrụ na-akpaghị aka maọbụ na-akpaghị aka. Onweghị ike nkịtị nke ọma.
Lee ihe Ọgụga akụkụ ịkpụkpụ.
Omenala a na-ejikarị ya mee ka ịkpụkpụ dị njikọta akụkụ dị nta iji chebe ọrụ ya.
Ike cubic niile (nke, cu. in. maọbụ cu. mm) nke ọdịdị kpụkpụ n'ime ịkpụkpụ.
Onye mkpụrụ eletrik na electroplating nke e mere ya maka ịgbagharị ion metallic, ịghọta ion negatifụ ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ dị ka reducing.
Onye cathode ikpeazụ nke e weputa ya iji gbagharị akwụkwọ eletrik na ya n'ime ụmụ mmadụ ndị a na-eji akwụkwọ eletrik karịa akwụkwọ eletrik dị elu.
Ọ bụkwa metal ọ bụla ebe ọ bụghị ike imechara, mefere ma ọ bụ oxidize karịa metal ọzọ mgbe ha na-enyekarị akwụkwọ eletrik na akụkụ elektrolite.
Nchekwa n'ime die nke casting emepụtara ya.
Ọkpụrụ ọdịnala nke die casting die nke cavity pụtara ya. E nwere ike ịdị iri abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa n'ime die set ọ bụla.
Oge a chọrọ maka ịkwụsị akpa na -metal mgbe metal bịa n'akpa.
Njupụta maọbụ njupụta ebe ebili n'elu elu nchekwa maọbụ axis nke nkata azụrụ.
Aha nke ngwakọta ije ozi, nke mbipụta ahụ, na -eme ihe dị ka akpụkpọ mbiri, apụtaghị ya site na egwu mgbe ọ dị n'okirikiri nke anvil dị n'etiti 40 mm kpamkpam.
Hụ Fatigue, thermal.
Ịwepụ ihe ama ama n'ime usoro site n'iji mmeri maọbụ ipụta ọzọ ma jịrị ya ọkwa.
Akụkụ isi nke pụtara ihe dị ka trivalent na hexavalent chromium compounds.
Iji akụkụ chromate were.
Njikwa kemikị nke magnesium na nitric acid, sodium dichromate solution. Njikwa a na-enye mmetụta ole na ole maka ikpuchi corrosion siteere film nke na-eme base maka paint.
Akụkụ nke electrodeposited chromium metal nke na-enye resistance zuru oke maka ikpuchi tarnishing na abrasion.
Ọrụ a die casting machine pụwara iji gbagwo etiti platen iji chezie die mgbe injege metal.
Ike dịka e ji ya na-enyere mesinị die casting maka die clamp iji chebe die. Nke a nwere ike ịdịkarịa karịa ike chikere nke mesinị die casting.
Ụlọ nke oyi nke mesinị die casting-chamber ọcha, die casting. Nke a bụ tube njede (shot sleeve) nke shot plunger na-agba ya iji pụta oyi n'ime die. Ulo ọcha na plunger na-ejikọta iji mee pump oyi. A maara ya dịka ulo ọcha n'ihi na ọ ọcha dibuo oyi eputere n'ime ya.
Ịgba die casting ole na-egbu egbu nke ọ dị ka ịnata akara ọzọ dị iche maka akara dị ka cast. Nyere onwe ọcha na-enweta ihe dị ka ngwaahịa dị otu na die casting.
Ihe na-abalị mgbe metal fronts na-ejikọta mgbe e mebie metal na-ezikite, nke na-abalị mgbe e mebie die castings nke na-eme nsogbu n'ala ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ mpaghara casting ahụ.
Onu ọgụga die casting e kere site n'aka ọkụ na-enwe ya na-enweghị ikuku n'ime metal ọkụ ọkụ.
Akwụkwọ anodic dị ka e mere ya site n'ime dye dị ka e mere ya site n'ime ọkụ dị ka e mere ya site n'ime organic ma ọ bụ inorganic coloring material.
Ịmepụta akara dị ka a chọrọ na agwa metal site n'aka ihe chemically ma ọ bụ electrochemical, ma ọ bụ buffing dị ka e mere ya site n'aka metal surfaces maka ịmepụta luster dị elu, a maara dị ka Color Buffing.
Die nwere ike abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa n'ime cavity dị iche iche, ọ bụla na-eme ihe dị iche iche, a maara dị ka family die
Ihe e depozita electrodeposit nke nwere ihe abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa n'ime agwa metal e depozita n'ime ya n'aka ọkụ
Ike ọkụtị nke a na-eme ka oka mmiri, na-akpali aka, ekweghị maka njide dị ukwuu (nke zuru ezu 0.2% maka ihe ndị na-enyere ya)
Ihe nguzobe nke akpata n'obi nke oka mmiri na alloy mgbe ọ na-aga n'ala ma bụrụ na ọ na-acha n'ụlọ.
Ihe njikọ a na-eji imeju ihe ndekọ ihe na-enyere ya iji hụ na ihe ndekọ ihe na-enyere ya. O na-enye aka n'ime ihe ndekọ nke Ihe Njikọ Mmiri na Steel Die na Alloy na omume ihe omume Die.
Ihe nkata a kwadoro site n'usoro chemistri ma ọ bụ usoro elektrochemisitri nke agwa oka mmiri nke mere agwa n'elu nke na-egosipụta ihe osise nke oka mmiri; dika: chromate, ihe nkata na zinc na cadmium, ihe nkata oxide na steel.
Ihe mkporo ma ọ bụ elu n'ime ihe na-enyere ya ihe na-enyere ya iji nyere ya ihe (nke zuru ezu mmiri, oil ma ọ bụ air) iji wepụ ya.
Njupụta kopọ nke etinyere site na njikọ eletrọlịtịkụ ma ọ bụ njikọ eletrọlịtịkụ. Kopọ eletrọlịtịkụ nke etinyere site na ihe mepere emeputa sianịdị enweghị ike ịbụ akara mbụ n'ime njikọ zink dị ka akara mbụ. Akpara asidị kopọ a na-eji ya dị ka akara nyefee n'okpuru akpara nikel-chromium.
Ọkpụ die casting die nke mere akụkụ ahụ n'ime ngwaahịa (karịsịa akụkụ nke nwere ike kachasị elu) ma bụrụ ihe dị iche iche site na cavity block. Ọkpụ nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-adọghị ịgbasa obere oge n'akụkụ cavity block ma ọ bụ nwere ike ịdịgbe site na usoro ọ bụla mgbe die ekpuchi.
Ọkpụ, karịsịa nke otu ụzọ. Akpa ọkpụ bụ akpa stelụ ihe ọrụ nke dị ụtọ, ebe ọ bụla H-13, eji eme akpa n'ime die casting ma ọ bụrụ na-adọghị ma ọ bụ na-adịgbe. Ọkpụ emeputa site na akpa ọkpụ.
Akpa nke ọkpụ dị ebe ọ bụ na ha na-enyekarị ha gburugburu.
Ọkpụ ọ bụla na-adịgbe.
Akụkụ nke, mgbe ụkwụ aka ekpughe na emegharị, ekweghị ike ịbawanye n'akụkụ akụkụ nke na-egbu egbu ya.
Akụkụ nke dị mkpa ịbawanye site na ihe ọ bụla mgbe ụkwụ aka ekpughe maọbụ mgbe e mere emeghete, ka enweghị mbọ nke nchekwa nke ngosi.
Nsonaazụ nke na-enwe ekele maka ngosipụta eletrọplating (ASTM 380-65).
Igbanwe nke ọdịdị site na irebe kemikal maọbụ irebe eletrọkemikal na usoro ya.
Nnọchiteanya nke nsonaazụ dị ka oge.
Mmiri nke obuụrụ ọfịsịfụrịd, karbon daisaid, na efu, eji mma ya kewaa ma yibatụ ikpuchi ndabere n'ihu magideziamụ mmiri.
Ọkara abuo nke akpa die casting.
Ike plating solution, n'okpuru ozi plating gbasara, iji depozita metal n'ihu ma ọ bụ n'ime egwu dị nro, ma ọ bụ n'ime akụkụ zuru oke.
Njikwa plastic nke metals ebe ebiliworo mgbe pụtara njikwa nnukwu karịa ike yield normal.
Nominal stress dị ka e si ezipụta ya ga-ebute creep dịka a marachiri ya n'akụkụ gbara mgbe ọ dị ka e si ezipụta ya.
Onye isi nchịkọta maka ịgbado ọrụ mbipụta na anode ma ọ bụ cathode.
Ike iji matrial kwụsị mgbe niile na ngwaọrụ ma tụọ ozi ndị na-adịghị irè.
Design of Experiments
Ịwepụ burrs, agụmakwụcha ma ọ bụ agụmakwụcha site na ọnụ ọgụgụ, kemikị, electrochemical ma ọ bụ ọna discharge elekereekere.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ plated, painted ma ọ bụ a họpụtara nke nwere ihe omuma dị egwu ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nwere ike ịkpachara ya na njikọ.
Njehie n'ime ihe cast—dị ka pores, inclusions, akpụkpọ, cold shuts, laps ma ọ bụ ihe dị iche.
Ịgbapụta ma ọ bụ ịgbagharị nke die casting ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa mgbe a na-enye ya ngwa. Def l ection nke ọma a na-eji ya kọwaa elastic strain (i.e., ihe ahụ ga-abaakwa akara ya mgbe a na-ebubata ngwa) diburu na njedebe (plastic) deformation.
Ịgbapụta ma ọ bụ ịgbagharị nke die casting ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa site n'ime ngwa ezigbo karịrị elastic limits ya, kama casting ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa enweghị ike ibaa akara ha mgbe a na-ebubata ngwa.
Ihe a pụrụ itinye n'ime metal ruru iji wepụ gases a pụrụ iru n'ime ya mgbe a na-esewo ya, nke pụtara ịdị n'ime metal mgbe a na-esewo ya.
(1) Mmiri kemikị nke na-eme ka gasị dị na logwu ghara. Gasị inọtụzụ anaghị ekwupụta a na-eji karịa n'ọrụ a. (2) Ọrụ fluxing eji eme maka aladịbọzụm, nke nitrogen, chlorine, nitrogen na chlorine ma ọ bụ chlorine na argon anaghị akpụkpọ gaa n'okpuru logwu iji wee tụọ hydrogen gasị na oxides dị na alloy ahụ. Lee na flux.
Ịgbaghara greese na oils site na usoro.
Crystal nke nwere obere ohere dị ka ụdị otu ndị dị n'ime logwu kachasị pụtara nke kacha n'ime cast metals nke ana-akpali kpali gaa n'ihu ngwaahịa solidification.
(1) Ịgbaghara oksijin site na logwu nchịkọta maka iji deox y dizer. (2) Otu oge ọ na-egosipụta ịgbaghara ihe nkiri adịghị mkpa ọzọ karịa oksijen site na inwe ihe ma ọ bụ compounds nke na-emechi ha nke ọma. (3) N'ịkwalite metal, ịgbaghara film oxide site na usoro metal site na mmiri chemikị ma ọ bụ electrochemical.
Nsona ọla maka aluminiom, maginesiam na ziink dị alloy n'ime iyi dichromate nke na-aga n'ihu, nke mere ya na-adịkarị ọnụ.
Ebe metal nke a na-eji na njikwa die casting, nke nwụnye ya nwere ngagharị ma ọ bụ ngagharị nke form akara, sistem mbupụta metal mpuku na ohere maka rie iyi na wuo akara ahụ.
Ebe ukwuu nke steli nke form nsogbu maka otu oge die casting die. Ndị ọzọ niile nke dị na die na-enyekarị ma ọ bụ nyere na die block ahụ.
Metal n'ihu akara die casting, ruo obosara apụtaghị 0.020 in. (0.8 mm) nke e kpọchara ya n'usoro ubi ụfụfụ na ịgha n'ihu porosity.
Njikwa nke mpụta metal mpuku na velocity kachasị na obi ike na ngagharị (die)
Die casting die ebipụtara n'otu abụọ, cover na ejector. Ha abụla a makarị ha dịka "halves" nke die.
Akụkụ a na-enweta ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke die body
(1) Ego nke ihe ndị dị iche iche nwere ike ime site na die tupu ọ ga-enweta ma ọ bụ ekpuchi ya n'ụzọ zuru oke. (2) Oke-ọnụ, na inci ma ọ bụ milimita, eji-eji ya n'aka die cast trimming die na-akpaghị akpa n'ihu casting. Mgbe trim dies anwakọtara n'ụzọ zuru oke, oke-ọnụ nke die life anwụghị .Mgbe die life anwakọtara nke ọma f , die steels ga-enweta.
Die coating iji mee ka oke dị iche iche dị mfe ma ọ bụrụ na-enweta site na die.
Onye ọrụ a na-eji na die casting dị n'akụkụ dị n'akụkụ nke casting anaghị ekwe omume ịdị elu, ma ọ bụrụ na akụkụ n'ime dị elu. Mgbe e mere njikọ casting, ọ bụkwa n'ime ego a pụrụ ịdị. Onye ọrụ a na-akọwa na ọ bụkwa n'ime akụkụ nke die, nke ọ bụla dị elu, anaghị ekwe omume ịdị site na ịnata, ma ọ bụrụ na ịdị n'akụkụ.
Akwụkwọ die casting dị na mpaghara ụfọdụ nke oke ọtụtụ na agbata ya na agbata ya. A na-ejikarị ihe 'die temperatures' n'ụzọ dị ka oke ọtụtụ dị na agbata die.
Iji thermocouples na akwụkwọ die casting iji dere oke ọtụtụ nke die, na-achọpụta oke ọtụtụ die n'ime ngwaahịa ebeere.
Ọnụọgụ (ọnụọgụ) akwụkwọ die. A na-egbu ọnụọgụ a na akwụkwọ die ka ndị na-arụsi ozi ya nwere ike ịhọrọ ngwaahịa nke dị mma maka ịgbu.
Akwụkwọ die casting maka ịmepụta die castings nke ọnụọgụ ha dị ala karịa abụọ ounces (55 grams) karịrị na-ahụkarị dị ka akwụkwọ die casting nta.
Akwụkwọ dị na cavity karịa otu.
Akwụkwọ ịkpụ die nke na-enwe akwụkwọ ọtụtu abụọ.
Ogologo n'ime ihe ọmalite kọmprẹsọ dị mkpa ka ọ bụrụ na ogologo ahụ dị n'akụkụ ego nyere maka ihe ọmalite ahụ ịdị ndụ n'ime njikọ ya. A mara ogologo enweghị mkpa maka iru egwu maọbụ maka ekonomi ọrụ, ma obu na-achọkarị maka ọrụ ngwaahịa ahụ.
Ogologo ọ bụla n'ime ngwaahịa ihe ọmalite kọmprẹsọ nke a na-eme n'ime ngwaahịa die (ogologo). Ogologo akpụkpọ otú ọ dị n'ime ihe ọ bụla nke die print.
Ogologo ogologo nke ego nyere tolerance. Dịka ọmụma, mgbe ogologo bụ 2.00 + 0.02, 2.00 bụ ogologo nominal ma ọ bụ +0.02 bụ tolerance.
Ogologo n'ime ihe ọmalite, ma ọ bụ n'ime akwụkwọ die casting, nke dị n'akụkụ aka die pull ma ọ bụrụ na o gafee die parting line.
Nnukwu nke alloy ịkwụ ụzọ ya na akụkụ dịghị ike gafere n'ime oge.
Ihe ọ bụla na-enweghị ike imezi n'ime usoro akụkụ ma ọ bụ usoro nke ihe, dị ka akpụkpọ, laps, seams, inclusions ma ọ bụ porosity. Nnukwu a nwere ike imebe ma ọ bụ ghara imebe ike ọrụ nke ihe.
Ihe ngosi nke e bipụtara site n'ime calcium na magnesium carbonate.
Akwụkwọ nickel nke e bipụtara site na electroplating, nickel nke abụọ akụkụ, nke akụkụ n'etiti bụ nickel na-adị mfe na-enye ihe dị n'ime karịa 0.005% sulfur ma ọ bụ nickel na-adị mfe na-enye ihe dị n'ime karịa 0.04% sulfur, obosara akụkụ n'etiti adịghị karịa 60% nke obosara nickel nke ụfọdụ, dịka akụkụ na steel ebe adịghị karịa 75%. n 0.005% sulfur ma ọ bụ nickel na-adị mfe na-enye ihe dị n'ime karịa 0.04% sulfur, obosara akụkụ n'etiti adịghị karịa 60% nke obosara nickel nke ụfọdụ, dịka akụkụ na steel ebe adịghị karịa 75%.
Njikọ iji chekwaa njikọ dị elu n'etiti abụọ akụkụ die.
Òkè oghere kachasị elu bụrụ maka ntọala nke akara na-enye ya iwu.
Igbe nke pụrụ ịdịpụta akwara na ihe ọ bụla dị na mpụga die iji nye aka inupụta akara.
Akwụnta ahụ bụrụ maka ihe a tụfuru site na ngwaọrụ nhazigharị na nghazigharị baths.
Oxide nke logbu dị na agwa ma ọ bụ na agụụ nke logbu mmiri.
Nchịkọta ebe ọ bụghị na-adịkarị n'ime na-adị iri iri ma ọ bụ nchịkọta iri iri
Ịkpachara ụlọ ọcha nke ebere gbasara ya i ịgbasa ya n'ime akpa nke die casting die.
Sistemu, karịsịa n'ime akpa nke die casting die, nke mere maka ọnụọgụ dị otu fọdụụ pinya na-agbanwe karịa ndị ọzọ mgbe e fọdụrụ ya n'ikpeazụ. A maara ya dị ka Fọdụụ Nke Abụọ.
Nkwaya dị na ngwaọrụ site na pinya fọdụụ, karịsịa nwere ihe kpatara ọla dịka mmiri dị nso nwere pinya fọdụụ. l ọla dị nso nwere pinya fọdụụ.
Pinya a na-atụgharị ike ya iji fọdụrụ ngwaọrụ n'ime akpa die na ala ụfọdụ.
Ogwe nke e wepụrụ akwụkwọ nkeji na nke eji imegharị ha.
Ọkara obere nke ogwe die casting nke nwere akwụkwọ nkeji.
Ihe, dị ka ọ dịghị ike, nke ndị na-ejikọta ya na-akpagha ike elektrik nwere mgbanwe kemikal. Electrolyte bụ otu n'ime ihe a chọrọ maka ijikwa electrolytic.
Achịcha nke ihe omume ebeputere ha site na potenshọọl elektroda ha nke ọdịnala.
Isa metallic nke e wepụrụ site na electrodeposition na substrate maka ịhazi ọdịnala njikọrịta ahụ.
Ntụgharị nke ntụgharị na-enyere aka nke metal nyere ya iwu anodic na njikọ pụtara.
Otu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ntụgharị kacha n'akụkụ ngwụcha n'ime itest a na-egosipụta karịa dị ka otu akụkụ nke gage length mbụ.
Ndị na-eweta etched na die cavity surfaces site na chemical dissolution iji mee specif i ed patterns na as-cast part.
Air ma ọ bụ gas ndị ọzọ edogharịrị na fl owing molten metal mgbe die cavity na-ejiri gaa
Mmiri ọrịa na-eme n'ime ngwaọrụ, nke nwere ike kwaghachi ọrịa na njikọta zuru oke.
Onwe onwe ebumnata n'ime ngwaọrụ ma ọ bụ ngosipụta ngwaọrụ nke ebumnata site n'ịgba anụ ụlọ na mpaghara nke ọkụ na-esote mgbe e na-eme ịgbasa.
Ebe onye na-ejupụta nke ịdị n'ụzọ nke ngwaọrụ na-adịghị nke ọma na-agbanwe n'otu ebe nke ọkụ. Ndị a na-ahụkarị site n'ịgbaghara na ha na-enyocha na akwụkwọ akụkọ.
Na ngwaọrụ die, onye ọrụ ihe ngụkọ na-abịa n'ime akụkụ abụọ nke die na-egbu egbu, na-agba ụgbọala ahụ, wepụ ya site n'ime ngosipụta ejector na wepụ ya site n'ime akụkụ die.
Akụkọ Nlele Nke Mbụ
Analisisi Njikọtobi na Mmetụta
Lee Analisisi Ebe Aghọtarị Aghọ.
Njikọtobi kpatara inweta n'ime njikọtobi ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ nweta ndị nwere ike mbụ dị ala karịa ike ntuo nke ngwaọrụ. l ndị nwere ike mbụ dị ala karịa ike ntuo nke ngwaọrụ.
Inweta (ma ọ bụ ikuku) nke akpa nkata die cast. Nke a rụrụ ya n'aka mpaghara na mgbaghara nke akpa nkata, nke dabere na mgbe ọ bụla eji metal ọcha wepụta na die.
Otu isi iyi nke mgbochi iwu, nke akụkọ gbasara iwu dibensị maka otu mesin, ngwa, die ma ọ bụ iwu pụtara na-enwe obere dị ka mesin mgbochi maka iji meziwanye ihe dịghị mmasị.
Iwu nye die metal ọcha iji chebe mgbado nke ọkụ nkeji mgbe ebe cast apụghị.
Nsọpụrụ maka ịghụta akwụkwọ, nke na-egbu egbu nwere ike imezi mg.
Njikọ okirikiri nke abụọ aka, dị ka obosara ndị ga-esi na-agbata na mpụga ọcha.
Gaa na Flash.
(1) Akwụkwọ ikpeazụ na akwụkwọ ngosi na-adịghị anya die casting die tupu njikwa (benching ma ọ bụ polishing) pụtara. (2) Nchịkọta akwụkwọ na ibe ya e mere ya die cast maka ịgbachite ya na mpaghara ikpeazụ, ebe die casting na net-shape abụghị ike ekonomi. i mpaghara egwuregwu gburugburu, ebe die casting na net-shape abụghị ike ekonomi.
Nkọpụta aka nke die casting ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ ngosi die casting die . T ọnụ ọgụgụ ọsọ nke obere oke nke agụgba nwere ike ịbụ ebe a na-eji grit size iji eme nkeji nke nkeji, microinch RMS value ma ọ bụ SPl/SPE finish standard number. i finite element analysis
A ọdịnala nke ịmụ nke nwere ike ịnụsọ ịnụsọ iji nweta azịza na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ngosi na ịrụ ọrụ engineering dị ka njikọ njikọ , fl uid f l ow, heat trans f er na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.
Ọdịnala ma ọ bụ njikọtara nke abụọ ihe ga-achọta n'ime ya. T he oghere maọbụ nnyonye anya n'etiti akụkụ abụọ jikọtara ọnụ . Mgbe a ga-eji ihe e ji atụ̀ ihe na-atụ̀ ihe n'ụzọ pụrụ iche y n'ebe ndị a na-anaghị ekwe ka ihe ọ bụla mee i ọ bụrụ na e nwee ihe ndị a na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị mma, o nwere ike ime ka ọ na-efu oké ego.
Ngwaọrụ ọ bụla nke nwere akụkụ, dịka igwe na-agbapụta ihe, f i n'ọnọdụ e bu ụzọ kpebie mgbe a na-arụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na akụkụ ahụ.
Ọ bụ ihe dị n'elu ihe e ji atụ ihe, ma ọ bụ ihe e ji atụ ihe, nke na-adị n'ebe e ji atụ ihe, n'ebe e ji ebu ikuku, nakwa n'ebe e ji atụ ihe. Ihe na-eme ka ọla na-abaghị uru bụ nrụgide ọrụ na ebe ndị a na-emechi emechi n'ime ihe ahụ.
Na akwụkwọ nchịkwa die, mpụga ezipụrụ n'etiti ụfọdụ ihe nke die maka ime mpụga f l na akwụkwọ nchịkwa nchekwa na ihe ọzọ dị elu, mpụga ezipụrụ maka ime obere akwụkwọ nchịkwa f l ash.
Ihe ndị ọzọ fọdụrụ nke e chọpụtara gbasaa akwụkwọ nchịkwa die nke gbasara mgbanwe ma ọ bụrụ na a ga-eji ya ọzọ.
Nkọwa dị na agụụ akwụkwọ nchịkwa nke nwere ike ịmụ ya na agụụ metal f l ow.
Mmebe nke metal ntu nwere ike ịdị n'ụzọ dị ka ọ na-agbanwe akwụkwọ nchịkwa die.
Ọkụtụ nke mbọrọpụ mmiri na sekọnḍụ nke mbọrọpụ mmiri akpụkpọ aka na-aga n'ihu n'ime obere aga nke dị n'ime die casting die. A maara ihe ọkụtụ dị ka cubic inches ma ọ bụ cubic millimeters per sekọnḍụ.
Otu ụdị njikwa nke mbọrọpụ a ga-eme ya bụ ime ya n'ime resin powder eji ya mee ya dị ka mbọrọpụ mmiri n'elu igwe a kpụrụ ya n'ime mmiri akpụkpọ aka. l kpụrụ n'ime igwe akpụkpọ aka.
Nwere ike l ike mbọrọpụ mmiri. Na die casting: ogo mbọrọpụ mmiri gaagaa n'ihu n'ime otu ogho gburugburu mgbe ọ na-acha, n'otu temperature zuru oke.
Onye isi ihe dị ka gbara halide eji eme ka ewu ewu oxide ekwusi na oke mbọrọpụ mmiri akpụkpọ aka. Eji ya kwa mee ka gbara mbọrọpụ mmiri dị njikere. i dị njikere gbara mbọrọpụ mmiri.
Ụzọ nke akwụkwọ egbu egbu.
Ihe ọ bụla n'ime ihe dị iche iche nke akwụkwọ egbu egbu ahụ na-enyere ike site na ngwaọrụ ma ọ bụ ngwá, karịsịa na ngwaọrụ ike, n'akwụkwọ egbu egbu ahụ. Igbu, nke na-enweta ihe dị ka ọcha dị n'ụzọ zuru oke, na-adịghị ka ihe ọkụ ọcha. Ihe ọkụ ọkụ, nke na-eji ọnụ ọkụ ọkụ, adịghị ka ihe ọkụ ọcha.
Igbanwe ihe ọkụ na-ahụ maka ihe a na-ahụ maka ihe dị ka ihe, ihe, ihe ma ọ bụ ihe dị n'ime ihe.
Ihe ọkụ a na-ebuli nke n'etiti ihe ọkụ na ihe ọkụ nke ihe ọkụ na ihe ọkụ dị n'ime ihe ọkụ na ihe ọkụ.
Ihe ọkụ na Ihe ọkụ
Onye ọrụ ma ọ bụ ihe nchịkwa nke chekwara akụkụ ngwaahịa dịka egwuregwu die casting. Gage enweghị ọrụ na ngwaahịa ahụ.
Ọrụ iji gage tinye aka maka ịmata ma ọ bụrụ na ngwaahịa ahụ dị mma emetụta ya.
Ịkparị anụ n'ime metal site nke a na-agbanwe agbanwe n'ime obere oghere.
Ịkparị anụ nke dị mkpa n'ime elctrolyte ma ọ bụ conductor abụọ dị iche n'ime electrolyte abụọ dị iche.
Njehie n'ime egwuregwu die casting ebe gas (dịka air, steam, hydrogen na gas site nke mbido parting material) wụrụ n'ime egwuregwu ahụ ma mere otu ma ọ bụ karịa voids.
Mmadụ anaghị akpọkarị ya nke ọma maka ọdịnaya dị elu na-agba mbọ nke oji nke dị elu site na ngwaọrụ die inlet gate(s)
Nke a na-egbu egbu na die casting die nke dị n'akụkụ gate. Ntụgharị site na gate opening ruo runner cross-section.
(1) Ngwaa nke na-enyere aka runner ma ọ bụ iwu l n'ụzọ na die cavity. (2) Ihe niile ebughịrị ya n'ime die, pụtara casting ma ọ bụ castings na gates, runners, sprue (ma ọ bụ biscuit) na fl ash.
Onyinye gating na die casting die nke mere ka oji a na-etinye ahụ malite site na mpaghara mpaghara ngwaọrụ dibegharịla ya site na agwa mmadụ. T ọdịnihu casting ghaghị ekwe omume ịbụ ebe onwere ike imechi ya, dị ka weel ma ọ bụ bezel, ka ị bụrụ center gated .
Ndịdịdị, na-adaba akụkụ ahụ, n'ime die casting die nke e mesịghị metal injection gaapụta ya l pụta . Sistemu gating pụtara sprue ma ọ bụ biscuit, main runner, branch runners (ọ bụrụ n'ịdị), gate runners, approach, gate, overf l lows na vents.
Ndịdịdị Geometric pụtara ihe ndị dị iche iche ma ọ bụ ndị na-enweghị ihe ndị na-eme ka ha bụrụ asụsụ geometric dimensioning na tolerancing. N'obi ike, okwu a pụtara ihe ọ bụla dị na form, orientation, prof i le, runout na location tolerancing .
Microstructure nke primary phase ya bụ globular, na-adaba dendritic. Nke a bụ microstructure nke ọma maka semi-solid castings mgbe e heat ya na temperature semi-solid forming. Lee na degenerate dendrites.
Na ngwaọrụ nhata nke die casting, ihe ngokwu dị mkpa na-enyere aka ịtụkwasị obi nke metal pot ma ọ bụ chamber na nozzle ma ọ bụ sprue hole na die na-enye ohere maka ịzowedo metal molten na ebe ọ ga-eje oche.
Ebe dị na mmiri na-eme ka crystalline structure nke atoms adịkarị mma i ed metal where the crystalline structure of the atoms is relatively perfect. T ebe niile nke structure nke metal ruru. Dịka ọ malite emechaa, grains ahụ gbanwere n'ime ike nke njikọta atom abụọ ma ọ bụ site na impurity. Dịka grains ahụ gbanwere, ha etiti ya ma crystaline structure ahụ pụọ na boundaries a.
Ihü na-adịghị mma nke ihe ngosipụta iji nye ihe (na nke ahụpụtara) grains ọzọ (na nke ọzọ) iji nye ihe ma ọ bụ iji nye ihe na akụkụ dị otú ahụ. A na-atụ aro “refinement” iji kọwaa ihe chemically dị na metal, mana enwere ike ịtụ aro mgbe cooling ahụ pụtara i c shapes. The term “refinement” is usually used to mean a chemical addition to the metal, but can refer to control of the cooling rate.
Obara na akụkụ nke grains na metal .
Igbe nri akpụkpọ n'usoro ike dị iche iche nke ferrous ma ọ bụ ceramic material.
(1) Nzukọ nke ọkụbata nke na-abata n'akụkụ mgbe ọ na etiti oge, intergranular corrosion ma ọ bụ abụọ. (2) Nrụrụ aka bụ ihe ngabaka nke shrinkage.
Ihe dị iche iche nke anodizing acid sulfuric nke na-eji oyi elu karịa na oke oyi zuru oke.
Nkwekorita maka itinye aka na mbata mbata nke na-eji buffs eji arịọrịọ n'usoro thread zuru oke na ihe ngwọta dị irè.
Chromium eji arịọrịọ maka njikọ ihe ngosi dibensịdị ma ọ bụ ihe ngosipụta, na amaghị ka ọ dị ọcha. Ọ nweghị ike ịgbakwunye nri na-enweghị nri ma ọ bụ ihe na-enweghị ike.
Njikọto nwere obere mmiri na-enwe obere ike karịa n'akụkụ ebe a mere ya.
Ọdịba asọmpi dị mfe, dị ka ebe a mere ya n'ime oghere ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị mkpuchi ma ọ dịghị mkpuchi fin'ime otu maka plating.
Hụ Fatigue, thermal.
(1) Njikọ die casting die dịka onye nweta ihu igwe site na die ma ọ bụ site na ebe dị n'ime die. Ndị na-ese ntụrụndụ dị ka water channels bụ ụdị heat sink dị jikọtara. Ma, ndị na-ese ntụrụndụ dịka onye na-ese ntụrụndụ dị elu na-eji. (2) Die casting dịka onye nweta ihu igwe n'ime njikọ. i die casting dịka onye nweta ihu igwe n'ime njikọ.
Ọnụego ihe ga-enyefe ike okpomọkụ kwa nkeji oge site na anya n'ihi ọnọdụ okpomọkụ di f ihe. Ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ na-agafe fiihe na-akpata ọrịa f a na-enye ihe ndị a na Btu/hr-ft-°F na W/m-°C. A na-akpọkwa ya Coefficient finke thermal conductivity.
Ikike nke agba iji zoo ma ọ bụ kpuchie elu nke e ji ya mee ihe n'otu n'otu.
N'ime ihe a na-atụgharị atụgharị, oghere ọ bụla nke isi na-akpụpụta na-akpụpụta. A na-amata ọdịiche dị n'etiti oghere nwere isi na oghere a na-agbakwunye n'azụ r a tụpụtala ihe (dị ka a na-eme site n'ịgba ya).
Onu eji eme ihe n'ime ubi dị ka onu na-eme ihe na plunger maọbụ pump nke metal, na-adịkarị n'ime metal mpuku, iji nweta ohere omume kachasị elu.
Njehie ọ bụla dị n'ime cast nke maọbụ n'okpuru oyi nke na-adịkarị site n'ịdị n'elu nke metal njede, nke mere ya site na njede nchekwa nchekwa l njede nchekwa nchekwa
Ojii maọbụ enweghị ike n'elu oyi zuru oke.
Igwe eji eme ihe n'ime ubi dị ka onu na-eme ihe na plunger maọbụ pump nke metal, na-adịkarị n'ime metal mpuku, iji nweta ohere omume kachasị elu.
Njikọtara n'ime nnukwu mgbe ebumnata na-enwekarịta. Kpọtụrụ n'akụkụ akpụkpọ. i dika m kpọtụrụ akpụkpọ.
Akụkọ Nlele Nke Mbipụta Mbipụta
Ike imejughị isi/energị, dị ka a kwadoro site na enwere ike mesi ya.
(1) Obere ahụ dị n'ime die. (2) Akara maọbụ njedebe left site na egwuregwu maọbụ inweta nke onye testị hardness.
Ndị okenye dị n'ime metallic matrix. Ndị okenye karịrị ole na ole (dịka oxides, sulf i des ma ọ bụ siliketụ), mana ọ bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị dị iche na (na ama ama amaghị) na matrix. y be ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị dị iche na (na ama ama amaghị) na matrix.
N'akụkụ ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke na-enyere gburugburu runner na die cavity.
Otu ma ọ bụ slab nke metal ma ọ bụ alloy.
Ihe ma ọ bụ ọrụ inye metal molten na die.
Ihe e mere nke ochie na ọkụrụ na oge nke injection ram. Ọkụrụ pụtara ọkụrụ dị mkpirikpi n'ime ọkụ injection iji wepụ ụlọ ọlị na oge die filling.
Ihe nke ọla, ebe dịka ola, nke ga-abụ otu n'ime ihe ngosi . Ndị enweta na-adaba n'ime akpa iji ola kwa na-agba akpa n'akụkụ a na-egbu egbu n'ime akpa. N'otu aka ahụ, ndị enweta na-enyocha n'ikpeazụ mgbe agbanwe agbanwe. (Nchịkọta: ndị enweta gasịrị ike dị ka otu n'ime ihe ngosi, ebe ndị enweta akpa bụ otu n'ime akpa.)
Jụrụ ịnụpụta nke na-achọghị akụkụ ihe omume ola maọbụ alloy, na-eme ka ịdị irè nke ukwuu.
Aha nke njikọtara ọnụkụ na ejinjị nke akụkụ a na-echebe na okenye abụọ kwa na-eme ka okenye ohere mgbe hammer na-ahụ ya.
Ọnwụwụ dị mma, enweghị nzuri, electroplated decorative maka ihe die cast.
Ihe ngosi na-echebe site, mana amaghị na-echebe na akpa na nke na-echebe site na ihe ngosi. Knock-out a na-ewepụ n'ikpeazụ ma na-eji ya n'ezie.
Ihe mkpuchi nke dabeere na ihe na-emepụta ihe nkiri thermoplastic nke a na-agbaze na ihe mgbaze organic ma na-ehicha ya site na evaporation nke ihe mgbaze.
Usoro nke ngwa ngwa prototyping maka imepụta ihe prototype nke na-eji data CAD iji tinye ụzarị laser n'elu mpempe akwụkwọ nke na-ekpo ọkụ, nke na-ekpuchi akwụkwọ, na-ejikọta ọkwa ọ bụla n'elu nke ikpeazụ.
Ihe e ji emepụta ihe na-eme ka elu ya dị mma karịa nke ihe e ji emepụta ihe.
Ihe nnọchianya e ji amata ụlọ ọrụ, nke a na-atụkarị n'ime akụkụ a na-atụgharị atụgharị.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke iberibe ndị e ji otu ihe e ji akpụ ihe na ígwè rụọ.
Ntọhapụ nke ọkụlọ nke agba na abụọ isi ihe nke akwụkwọ cathode.
Agba nta maọbụ agba nke dị na casting ebumnata na mpaghara die, njikwa osimiri, na akụkụ nke cores nwere ike ịzagharị. Agba elata ahụ dabere na obere obere ọkụlọ na mpaghara ọrụ na die.
Core a jiri ya mee ka oke agba dị na casting kwee ọsịa ma mechie ihe nwere mpaghara elata.
Njikwa ịdị n'ọnụ nke agba n'ọnụ na-enweghị mmiri site na ngwaọrụ smelting ruo ngwaọrụ die casting. Inye agba dị n'ọnụ na-enweghị mmiri nwere ike ime ka enwere ụra na dross karịrị maka na agba adịghị mkpa ịmepụta ya mgbe ọ bụrụ na die casting plant. Enwere ike ịgbakwunye agba dị n'ọnụ na-enweghị mmiri ruo n'etiti otu puku mpaghara.
Magneto-Hydro Dynamic casting bụ njikwa agba nke agba ahụ anaghị egwu ama ama site na magnetic f i eld mgbe ọ na-agbanwe.
Ike nke akwụkwọ plating ma ọ bụ setịpụ plating iji deposite metal i n'ime ssures, pores ma ọ bụ scratches. fin'ime ssures, pores ma ọ bụ scratches.
Ndịnka ndị dị na die casting die nke nwere na-akpagha akụkụ gburugburu a. Ha nwere ike ịbụ gibs, wedges na-enweghị mbọ, pins emebara, dogleg cams, racks, pinions ma ọ bụ cylinders hydraulic.
North American Die Casting Association, nweta otu n'ime Society of Die Casting Engineers na American Die Casting Institute.
Die casting product standards a kwadoro maka ihe karịrị bụ American Die Casting Institute, nke akwụkwọ a ekpugide. ADCI na SDCE (Society of Die Casting Engineers) weere ka NADCA, North American Die Casting Association.
Lee Nkọwa ọgụga nke akpụkpọ.
Nchịkọta nikel, eji elektrolitik ma ọ bụ ụzọ plating elektrolitik mee ya, maka ihe nkiri na inweta ncheta nke ọrịa. Olee ụzọ ọ na-enwe nchịkọta chromium maka inweta ncheta zuru oke maka ịdị ọcha ma ọ bụ ịdị iri iri.
Otú akwụkwọ gị maka njikwa ferrous nitrate maka magnesium.
Otu ụdị njikwa ọhụrụ maka ịdị elu nke ọgụga ebeụ maka igwe ngwaọrụ site na ịgbachigba nitrogen na ebeụ.
Ọkụlọ aka n'aka n'aka nke gooseneck ma ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka gooseneck dị na sprue hole.
Ọrụ ọrụ (ma ọ bụ akụkụ), eji eme ya na die casting, mgbe ọ bụrụ na casting e mere, ma gara aga na ọ na-enweta onye nchịkọta ma ọ bụ na-enweta n'ime ngwaọrụ kachasị nkechi.
Ọkụlọ aka n'ime die, dị na die cavity site na gate, dị na mpụga gate (ingate).
Ọsọ ma ọ bụ akụkụ ebe dị mkpirikpi na die cavity na-ebu na overflow.
Mgbuọchị nke elekereọnụ dị na reactant, dị ka n'ime mmepụta ionụ site na anode surface na electrolysis. Ntụpọ nke reactant na oksịjịn ma ọ bụ onye na-enye oksịjịn.
Mgbapụta ọbara na-enweta na logwe nke onye ọrụ ma ọ bụ iwu na-ejikọta ike maka ịdị ọcha ma ọ bụ imebe ọbara na-enweta ma ọ bụ imebe ọbara.
Nkọwa Mbipụta Mbipụta
Ọkwa ncheta maka ikwusi ntuli maka orukenụrụ ọrụ na-enye akụkụ dị ọcha dị nnọọ per ekpere akụkụ nke enwetakwara.
Ndepụta ngwa (mgbe niile nke a bụ ihe nchịkọta nke ngwaahịa), nke nwee akụkụ ngwa. Olee ụzọ 'part print' na-egosi ngwaahịa nke die casting karịa die, ngwa, ma ọ bụ mesin.
Ọkụzị nke agbụrụ die casting nke na-aga na ọkụzị na-aga n'akụkụ ọzọ. Lee Ọkụzị, na-aga.
Njikọtakụ n'etiti akụkụ cover na akụkụ ejector nke die ma ọ bụ mold. Ma ọ bụ, akara dị na casting n'akụkụ die a.
Ọkwa na die casting ebe parting line gafere n'akụkụ otu na akụkụ ọzọ.
Ọzụzụ ọzọ maka ịmepụta ihe ọjọụ maka casting nke mitiri-ụgbọ. A na-agbanwe mgbe ụlọ na-eme n'ime akụkụ dị n'okpuru, na-eme ka dendrites pụọ.
Agha mkpụrụ-ahụ dị na mpụga metal maka ike ịdị n'aka maka ịdị n'aka na ike na-eme ka ọ dị n'okpuru.
Mkpanaka iji wepụ ịgbasa oke na magnesium die castings ma ọ bụrụ corrosion resistance.
Ịwepụ oxides nke gbasara kemịkal ma ọ bụ elektrochemical reaction.
Akụ, dịka mpụga nke ochie, dabere na akụkụ ikuku, ebe ọ bụrụ na ọ nwere ike (draft). Ma ọ bụ, dowel (ma ọ bụ guide pin) iji mara mkpa maka abụọ die sections.
Njikọtakịrị nke njikọtakịrị ma ọ bụ njikọtakịrị dị mkpa n'akụkụ nke solidification ma ọ bụ n'ihi corrosion na cavitation.
Nkọwa ọdịda nke ọdịda nke die na-enyere aka, ma ọ bụ nke ngwaọrụ na-enyere aka nke die na-enyere aka.
Akụkụ nke ịkpọta ihe na-enyere aka na ịkpọta ihe na ngwaahịa site na plating.
Ntụgharị nke agụmakwụkwọ na rod nke na-egbu eji n'ime die.
Ntụgharị nke ọdịda metal site na ike nke ihe mkporo abrasives dị na adhesive na agụmakwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ntụpọ ebe dị na-adịghị mkpa, ebe a na-atụgharị ya na oke oke.
Njikọtakịrị ma ọ bụ njikọtakịrị, ezigbo ihe nke n'akụkụ nke solidification shrinkage; agụụ (nke dị n'akụkụ nke nitrogen component nke agụụ) dị n'ime casting ma ọ bụ hydrogen exuded n'akụkụ nke electroplating.
Otu oke mbagwo ọrịa na-agba n'ime iwu, dị ka ekwe omume ya n'otu ohere.
Ọrịa nke dị n'okpuru nwere die casting.
Ọrịa n'ime die casting nke pụrụ n'akwụkwọ iwu.
Nkọwa nke metal mpuku emechaa na-ebute n'ime injection cylinder nke mesin hot-chamber ma ọ bụ na-ejiri ngwaara achị na injection cylinder nke mesin cold-chamber.
Ụzọ nke metal mpuku emechaa na-ebute n'ime cold-chamber nke mesin die casting.
Onye agha a na-agụnye ụdị powder granulated na-achị na workpiece site electrostatically wee gbawara na oche dị elu iji nweta isi iwu ikuku. Powder coating enwere ihe dị mma dị iche iche, dị ka ịnweghị solvents organic, njikọ dị elu nke coating materials maka opekata opkata service conditions, nrụrụ aka dị n'elü nke material, na ihe dị mfe imecha.
Ọnọdụ ịmepụta akpụkpọ die casting tupu ịbubata iji wepụ ntị nke ọcha n'ime mbubata mbụ. A na-ejikarị ya maka ịmepụta akpụkpọ tupu ịmeputa ya na mesịn, iji gbanwee akpụkpọ dị mfe ma ọ bụrụ na ịmalite ọrụ.
Mgbakọ na mwepụ (ọ bụla mechanical ma ọ bụ hydraulic) eji wepụ flash, runners na overflows n'ime die cast parts mgbe casting.
Ihe mgbakọ na mwepụ nke integrity nke die casting nke fluid n'ime obere ọ dịghị ịdị na casting. Usoro testing na obere ọ eji chọrọ.
Ọkụkọ ma ọ bụ njikọ nke ihe omume ndị dị mkpa maka isi mmalite na-eme (dịka akara akwụkwọ) nke ngwaọrụ ọ bụla na-enyere aka mesemanye ya.
Ịgburugburu ihe die casting site ejection temperature ruo temperature ubi.
Ịgburugburu ihe die casting site ejection temperature ruo temperature ubi (ma ọ bụ na-apro n'akụkọ) site na imeri ya na mmiri.
(1) Otú esi eme ngwaahịa ọ bụla maka ngwaọrụ kọmputa nke enwere ike ịgbanwe site na ọ dịghị ike ịtụ ngwaahịa ahụ ma ọ bụ die site na mesemanye a. (2) Ihe omume na usoro die casting die, dị ka preheating, nke enwere ike ịgbanwe dies na mesemanye die casting n'ọnọdụ kpamkpam nke ọrụ. Ihe omume a karịrị ka na-enye ego n'ime ụlọ ọrụ nke ngwaahịa ahụ ma ọ bụ die, mana na-enyere aka ịzụta ego nke mesemanye n'oge ọrụ.
Njikọ na njikọ
Akụkọ dị na oke ọ dị, dị ka photographic plate, site na electromagnetic radiation nke wavelength dị ala karịa 500 angstrom units. Oke ọ dị n'akụkụ nke X-ray. Akụkọ X-ray nke die castings nwere ike ịgwa flaws n'ime castings.
Arc convex nke na-agbanwe abụọ okirikiri na die casting ma ọ bụ na model nke die casting ga-eme. Lee Fillet.
Ịmepụta model nke ọnụọgụ ogologo nke njikọtara aghọtara karịa na omenala dị ka usoro dị ka single-cavity prototype die casting, gravity casting ma ọ bụ machining. Lee kwa: Stereolithography, Selective laser sintering, Laminated object manufacturing.
Nkọwa nke ịkpachara ihe ngosi, ọnụ ọgụgụ efu efu, dross na ihe ngosi mesinịrị gbasaa n'ime nkata oriri na-adịghị mma.
Na nzere magnesium, inye magnesium oxide na ihe ọzọ dị nnọọ dị na mpuku site n'ime flux nke na-egbu egbu ihe na-adịghị mma ma wepụ ya n'akụkụ akụkụ njide njide dị na akpa njide njide dị na akpa.
Ihe ngosi nke casting nke "dezie" ihe ngosi na-adịghị mma nke die cavity steel. Dịka ọmụma, nzere ma ọ bụ nzere nzere nke die steel nwere ike ịbụ otu ihe dị ka ihe njebe na crater na steel. Nke a ga-ebute ihe dị elu na casting nke "dezie" ihe ngosi die surface.
Ihe ngosi nke a na-enye na mpụga die cavity iji cheba casting site na die. Ihe ndi a na-enye karịa, mgbe niile mgbe niile, na-ejikarị ya n'oge ọ bụla, na eze spray karịrị. Iji nye spray, ihe ngosi a na-enweta na mmiri ma ọ bụ solvent mineral nke na-erughị n'elu cavity surface.
Sprues, gates, runners na castings ezigbo dị njọ e zigara oke mmetụta mgbe ọ dị.
Okwu ọzọ maka iri iri metali egwuregwu.
Otu akụkụ dị nso na akụkụ abụọ ma ọ bụ akụkụ iji nyooghu ma ọ bụ nweta akụkụ abụọ ahụ.
Gaa nhata Cathode robber.
Lee Remelt.
Njikọ akpụkpọ na-enyere aka ịkpụkpọ sprue ma ọ bụ plunger nke akpụkpọ gawa gate ma ọ bụ gates ebe mmiri ahụ maru ibu na-esi na cavity ma ọ bụ cavities.
Testi corrosion na-agbanwe nke a na-egosi ihe ndekwere agha na agwa osisii, nke pụtara sodium chloride.
Nchịkọta ọka nke na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ekpuchi, nke dị mmeri ma bụghị dị ka mirror.
Njupụta ihe nchịkọta nke na-enyere aka na mpem okpomọkụ die mgbe a na-eji ya mee ka mpem okpomọkụ. Ihe njupụtara a bụ ebe ọ bụla ihe oxịda nke logboo na-adịghị na ihe na-egbu egbu. Scale a na-akpata akara na mpem okpomọkụ ma ọ bụrụ na njupụta a na-akpata ihe ọmụma maka mpem okpomọkụ.
Nnukwu Die Casting Engineers, nke rụrụ n'ime American Die Casting Institute iji ghọta North American Die Casting Association (NADCA).
Ihe mgbasa iko maka magnesium nke etughịrị ya n'ime chrome pickle, mgbe ahụ ezipụ ya n'ime olutere dichromate.
Ihe mmemme nke, site n'ime njikọtakarị, ire ere kemikal ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla, na-enyekwa akpa anodic aka inye aka na njịsị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị irè, na-enyekwa akụkụ ọcha dị irè ma ọ bụ enyekwa ya ihe ọ bụla ndị achọrọ
Ọnọdụ ebighị ebi n'ime die casting ebe ngwụrụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu karịa (n'akụkụ abụọ) nke ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke casting.
Nchịkọta akara ala, ihe na-emechara, maọbụ microstructures.
Onyinyo maka rapid prototyping nke na-eji laser beam na-adịghị mma na ihe ndị pụrụ iche iji gbanwee CAD data na atụmatụ nke ukwuu na polycarbonate, nylon, maọbụ investment wax.
Nickel plate, nwere sulphur n'akụkụ 0.005%, e mere ya ka polishing eme ka ọ dị mfe maọbụ e jiri ya dị ka plated maka akụkụ n'okpuru na double-layer nickel plate.
Onye na-eme ntaramahụhụ maka iziga ọnụ ọgụgụ current n'ime anode maọbụ cathode.
Die filling maọbụ nkeji nke casting cycle ebe metal mpuku enwepụrụ na die.
Ihianya maka inweta oke ọka logboo site na inweghị ihe dị ka shot logboo ma ọ bụ glass beads maka (1) tinye ma ọ bụ (2) dozie ntaramahụhụ maka stress corrosion site na inwe ntaramahụhụ nke na-erite uru.
Ebe obibi kubat nke akpụnaya die cast ma ọ bụ ebe obibi kubat nke alloy die casting nke enwere ike ịkpụta ya na die site na enjin die casting. Akpụnaya oke atụtara mgbe niile site na iwu ọ bụla ma ọbụ mass.
Ihukwu njede, a ma ama dị ka akara ikpo, nke mgbe niile emerụ n'akụkụ iri elu nke etere oge zuru oke karịa akụkụ ndị ọzọ. A ma ama dị ka sink.
Laa Contraction factor.
Mmekọrịta na mpem okpomọkụ die nke solidification shrinkage mere ihe nyerere na agwa mpem okpomọkụ. Ihe nyerere a a ma ama dị ka “heat holes." Mgbe ha na-enweghị na gate, ha ma ama dị ka “gate holes.”
Ọnọdụ n'oge ikpuchi ikuku ahụ ebe igbuebi ike ikuku dị mgbagwoju anya mere mgbanwe nke akụkụ n'ime ikuku ahụ.
Igbanwe ike ikuku e mere mgbe oghere (ikpuchi) oghere na-eme mgbe oghere dị na ọla na-agbanwe gaa na oghere dị iri.
(Strain Induced, Melt Activated) Ọrụ ihe ọkụ maka ime ihe a na-eji maka ịmepụta ihe nkiri maka ịbata oghere n'ime oghere dị egwu. Oghere a na-adaba karịa site na hot extruded na cold drawn.
Gaa na Die cast skin.
Ụlọ nchịkọta logwu na-enweta logwu n'ime mesomachine nchịkọta die. Nke a bụ tubu stili mkpụrụ-ahụ dị mgbubide nke shot plunger na-agbanwe iji pụta logwu n'ime die. Lee Cold chamber.
Ọkpụrụkpụ nke die ebe a na-ejikarị ya na mpaghara parting line. N'akụkụ nje na-eme ka oke die cavity wall wee jikọtakarị core ma ọ bụ cores.
Lee Biscuit.
Iguzobe abụọ na-adịghị ike maka dies, usoro site na Lean Manufacturing disciplines iji wepụ akụkụ dị n'ime set up times.
Ịbunye ma ọ bụ ịdị n'obosara logwu n'ime ụlọ gburugburu gburugburu mgbe echiche.
Lee Shrinkage, solidification.
Ịgbapụta alloy na agụmakwụkwọ dị mkpa, na-achọpụta na agụmakwụkwọ ahụ n'ọrịa oge dịrị maka nnata otu ma ọ bụ karịa iji gbanwee na njikọ akwụkwọ na ebe a na-achịkwa ya n'ime akwụkwọ, wee gbapụta n'ọnọdụzị maka ịchịkwa nnata ahụ n'ime akwụkwọ.
Njirimara nke ọrịa iji gosi ma ọ bụrụ na ọrịa ekpereghị na ngalaba a pụrụ ịdị ya.
Nkụ na-enwe ụzọ koni (sprue hole) nke na-enyekwa nozzle ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ ụtụ na-adịghị egwu na runners nke onumegwu egwu egwu. (Otu ụdị cold-chamber machines mere biscuit ma enweghị sprue.)
Iji mgbubasa ezigbo oke na-agba ọsọ na sprue hole na-arụsi ike dị ka core iji kesaa ntanaka na ejector nke die.
Ịmepụta njikwa site na condensation nke atoma ma ọ bụ particles formed by ejection from a surface subjected to high-energy ion bombardment.
Njikọ statistik iji gosi ya na mezuo ihe omume nke isi ihe nwere ike.
Ọrụ ọcha na-enyekwa die casting. Staking na-enyekwa n'ụdịrị ike iji wepụ tabs ma ọ bụ wepụ akwụkwọ na studs.
Onye ọrụ nrụpụta aka nke 3-D CAD na-egbochi ya n'ime seri esusu iri na asaa nke zuru oke dị nro, ma eme iji laser na-ezigbu akwara ultraviolietị chọpụta obosara obosara ahụ na agba mmiri poli-ma, na-eme na nchekwa obosara ọ bụla mgbe obosara ukwu zuru oke mere.
Otu mkpa mkpa (inweta) kachasị elu nke metal pụrụ iche n'oge ebugharị ya.
Ike nke mere na ihe na-egosipụta ike ikpeazụ ikpeazụ ma ọ bụ mgbanwe ikpeazụ.
Ịkakwọ nke dabere na ike ikpeazụ na ikpeazụ. Oge ụfọdụ, ihe ọkụ ihe ọkụ a na-eme dị ka ịkakwọ nke dị njọ nke na-agbanwe mgbe ọ na-agbanwe na-agbanwe n'akụkụ ọzọ ma ọ bụrụ na enweghị ihe ọkụ ikpeazụ.
Ike na nkebi. Mgbe ịkpachara ike na agụba (n'ime akụkụ elastic ya) ọ dịghị ike (i.e., mgbanwe nke akụkụ) na-enweta, na ntọpụta nke ike na ike bụ ihe dị otú ahụ nke agụba ahụ.
Ikpokọta epekara n'ime ihe mgba maka nnukwu ọtụtụ na-enyere aka imebe ike imepe ka obere maọbụ ịdị elu nke akụkọ, mana akụkọ ahụ dị mkpa ebe amaghị ya ma ọ bụrụ na ikpe ekpere ya.
Mburu na Nchekwa.
Njikwa Kachasị Mkpa.
Akwụkwọ ọgwụgwọ die casting eji dịka akara na ihe dị mkpa. Na, ihe ọ bụla, maka ihe dị iche iche, nke emeputa na emeju n'ime akwụkwọ ọgwụgwọ dị ka ihe a chọrọ maka ihe dị iche iche.
Ebe ofuma ihe, ezigbo mmiri. Njedebe n'ime nkata die casting nwere ike ibe vacuum. Onweghị ike maka njedebe ịbawanye air enweghị.
Ara nkata die casting site gases site maọbụ tupu ọdịdị metal melt pịa iji mee nkata.
Ihe ọkụkụ nke ọkụkụ nke na-enye aka gas ịgbaghara n'ime akwụkwọ dị ka ọ na-apụta n'ime metal.
Ihe ọmụma maka ịkpatụ ụzọ na ime ihe nlele site na abrasive media n'ime ọnụọgụ eji eji na-eme ihe nlele.
Otu pore ukwuu maọbụ otu n'ime akụkọ nkata karịrị na-enwekarị n'akụkọ mbido maọbù gas etinyere n'ime nkata. Na, otu blow hole.
Lee Akwụkwọ Mmiri Nchekwa.
Onye ọrụ na-enyocha maọbụ inye ihe nkiri site n'usoro akpata abrasiva n'ime mmiri, na-atụ anya na oke oghi n'ihu ihe a na-enyocha.
Onye ọrụ na-ahụ mkpu, inye aga na ntụgharị obosara site n'ịgbaso obosara ihe na usoro akwụkwọ dị iche iche na-aracha.
Lee Nkọwa ọgụga nke akpụkpọ.
Akwụkwọ n'akụkụ nke abụọ, nke a na-ejikarị maka akpịtụ ụlọ ọtụ ụlọ ọtụ nke zinc. A na-egosipụta nọmba ahụ site na alabụmụmụ dị n'akụkụ alabụmụmụ.
Akụkụokwu maka zinc, aluminum, magnesium na copper, eji mepụta ya maka ụlọ ọtụ zinc 2, 3, 5 na 7.
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